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Axial growth and refractive change in white European children and young adults: predictive factors for myopia
This report describes development of spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AL) in two population-based cohorts of white, European children. Predictive factors for myopic growth were explored. Participants were aged 6–7- (n = 390) and 12–13-years (n = 657) at baseline. SER and AL we...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7494927/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32938970 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72240-y |
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author | McCullough, Sara Adamson, Gary Breslin, Karen M. M. McClelland, Julie F. Doyle, Lesley Saunders, Kathryn J. |
author_facet | McCullough, Sara Adamson, Gary Breslin, Karen M. M. McClelland, Julie F. Doyle, Lesley Saunders, Kathryn J. |
author_sort | McCullough, Sara |
collection | PubMed |
description | This report describes development of spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AL) in two population-based cohorts of white, European children. Predictive factors for myopic growth were explored. Participants were aged 6–7- (n = 390) and 12–13-years (n = 657) at baseline. SER and AL were assessed at baseline and 3, 6 and 9 years prospectively. Between 6 and 16 years: latent growth mixture modelling identified four SER classes (Persistent Emmetropes-PEMM, Persistent Moderate Hyperopes-PMHYP, Persistent High Hyperopes-PHHYP and Emerging Myopes-EMYO) as optimal to characterise refractive progression and two classes to characterise AL. Between 12 and 22-years: five SER classes (PHHYP, PMHYP, PEMM, Low Progressing Myopes-LPMYO and High Progressing Myopes-HPMYO) and four AL classes were identified. EMYO had significantly longer baseline AL (≥ 23.19 mm) (OR 2.5, CI 1.05–5.97) and at least one myopic parent (OR 6.28, CI 1.01–38.93). More myopic SER at 6–7 years (≤ + 0.19D) signalled risk for earlier myopia onset by 10-years in comparison to baseline SER of those who became myopic by 13 or 16 years (p ≤ 0.02). SER and AL progressed more slowly in myopes aged 12–22-years (− 0.16D, 0.15 mm) compared to 6–16-years (− 0.41D, 0.30 mm). These growth trajectories and risk criteria allow prediction of abnormal myopigenic growth and constitute an important resource for developing and testing anti-myopia interventions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7494927 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74949272020-09-18 Axial growth and refractive change in white European children and young adults: predictive factors for myopia McCullough, Sara Adamson, Gary Breslin, Karen M. M. McClelland, Julie F. Doyle, Lesley Saunders, Kathryn J. Sci Rep Article This report describes development of spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AL) in two population-based cohorts of white, European children. Predictive factors for myopic growth were explored. Participants were aged 6–7- (n = 390) and 12–13-years (n = 657) at baseline. SER and AL were assessed at baseline and 3, 6 and 9 years prospectively. Between 6 and 16 years: latent growth mixture modelling identified four SER classes (Persistent Emmetropes-PEMM, Persistent Moderate Hyperopes-PMHYP, Persistent High Hyperopes-PHHYP and Emerging Myopes-EMYO) as optimal to characterise refractive progression and two classes to characterise AL. Between 12 and 22-years: five SER classes (PHHYP, PMHYP, PEMM, Low Progressing Myopes-LPMYO and High Progressing Myopes-HPMYO) and four AL classes were identified. EMYO had significantly longer baseline AL (≥ 23.19 mm) (OR 2.5, CI 1.05–5.97) and at least one myopic parent (OR 6.28, CI 1.01–38.93). More myopic SER at 6–7 years (≤ + 0.19D) signalled risk for earlier myopia onset by 10-years in comparison to baseline SER of those who became myopic by 13 or 16 years (p ≤ 0.02). SER and AL progressed more slowly in myopes aged 12–22-years (− 0.16D, 0.15 mm) compared to 6–16-years (− 0.41D, 0.30 mm). These growth trajectories and risk criteria allow prediction of abnormal myopigenic growth and constitute an important resource for developing and testing anti-myopia interventions. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-09-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7494927/ /pubmed/32938970 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72240-y Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article McCullough, Sara Adamson, Gary Breslin, Karen M. M. McClelland, Julie F. Doyle, Lesley Saunders, Kathryn J. Axial growth and refractive change in white European children and young adults: predictive factors for myopia |
title | Axial growth and refractive change in white European children and young adults: predictive factors for myopia |
title_full | Axial growth and refractive change in white European children and young adults: predictive factors for myopia |
title_fullStr | Axial growth and refractive change in white European children and young adults: predictive factors for myopia |
title_full_unstemmed | Axial growth and refractive change in white European children and young adults: predictive factors for myopia |
title_short | Axial growth and refractive change in white European children and young adults: predictive factors for myopia |
title_sort | axial growth and refractive change in white european children and young adults: predictive factors for myopia |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7494927/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32938970 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72240-y |
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