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Epigenetic modification and therapeutic targets of diabetes mellitus

The prevalence of diabetes and its related complications are increasing significantly globally. Collected evidence suggested that several genetic and environmental factors contribute to diabetes mellitus. Associated complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy and other cardiovascular...

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Autores principales: Singh, Rajveer, Chandel, Shivani, Dey, Dhritiman, Ghosh, Arijit, Roy, Syamal, Ravichandiran, Velayutham, Ghosh, Dipanjan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Portland Press Ltd. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7494983/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32815547
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20202160
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author Singh, Rajveer
Chandel, Shivani
Dey, Dhritiman
Ghosh, Arijit
Roy, Syamal
Ravichandiran, Velayutham
Ghosh, Dipanjan
author_facet Singh, Rajveer
Chandel, Shivani
Dey, Dhritiman
Ghosh, Arijit
Roy, Syamal
Ravichandiran, Velayutham
Ghosh, Dipanjan
author_sort Singh, Rajveer
collection PubMed
description The prevalence of diabetes and its related complications are increasing significantly globally. Collected evidence suggested that several genetic and environmental factors contribute to diabetes mellitus. Associated complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy and other cardiovascular complications are a direct result of diabetes. Epigenetic factors include deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation and histone post-translational modifications. These factors are directly related with pathological factors such as oxidative stress, generation of inflammatory mediators and hyperglycemia. These result in altered gene expression and targets cells in the pathology of diabetes mellitus without specific changes in a DNA sequence. Environmental factors and malnutrition are equally responsible for epigenetic states. Accumulated evidence suggested that environmental stimuli alter the gene expression that result in epigenetic changes in chromatin. Recent studies proposed that epigenetics may include the occurrence of ‘metabolic memory’ found in animal studies. Further study into epigenetic mechanism might give us new vision into the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and related complication thus leading to the discovery of new therapeutic targets. In this review, we discuss the possible epigenetic changes and mechanism that happen in diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 separately. We highlight the important epigenetic and non-epigenetic therapeutic targets involved in the management of diabetes and associated complications.
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spelling pubmed-74949832020-09-24 Epigenetic modification and therapeutic targets of diabetes mellitus Singh, Rajveer Chandel, Shivani Dey, Dhritiman Ghosh, Arijit Roy, Syamal Ravichandiran, Velayutham Ghosh, Dipanjan Biosci Rep Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders The prevalence of diabetes and its related complications are increasing significantly globally. Collected evidence suggested that several genetic and environmental factors contribute to diabetes mellitus. Associated complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy and other cardiovascular complications are a direct result of diabetes. Epigenetic factors include deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation and histone post-translational modifications. These factors are directly related with pathological factors such as oxidative stress, generation of inflammatory mediators and hyperglycemia. These result in altered gene expression and targets cells in the pathology of diabetes mellitus without specific changes in a DNA sequence. Environmental factors and malnutrition are equally responsible for epigenetic states. Accumulated evidence suggested that environmental stimuli alter the gene expression that result in epigenetic changes in chromatin. Recent studies proposed that epigenetics may include the occurrence of ‘metabolic memory’ found in animal studies. Further study into epigenetic mechanism might give us new vision into the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and related complication thus leading to the discovery of new therapeutic targets. In this review, we discuss the possible epigenetic changes and mechanism that happen in diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 separately. We highlight the important epigenetic and non-epigenetic therapeutic targets involved in the management of diabetes and associated complications. Portland Press Ltd. 2020-09-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7494983/ /pubmed/32815547 http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20202160 Text en © 2020 The Author(s). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).
spellingShingle Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders
Singh, Rajveer
Chandel, Shivani
Dey, Dhritiman
Ghosh, Arijit
Roy, Syamal
Ravichandiran, Velayutham
Ghosh, Dipanjan
Epigenetic modification and therapeutic targets of diabetes mellitus
title Epigenetic modification and therapeutic targets of diabetes mellitus
title_full Epigenetic modification and therapeutic targets of diabetes mellitus
title_fullStr Epigenetic modification and therapeutic targets of diabetes mellitus
title_full_unstemmed Epigenetic modification and therapeutic targets of diabetes mellitus
title_short Epigenetic modification and therapeutic targets of diabetes mellitus
title_sort epigenetic modification and therapeutic targets of diabetes mellitus
topic Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7494983/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32815547
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20202160
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