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Multivalent ions and biomolecules: Attempting a comprehensive perspective

Ions are ubiquitous in nature. They play a key role for many biological processes on the molecular scale, from molecular interactions, to mechanical properties, to folding, to self‐organisation and assembly, to reaction equilibria, to signalling, to energy and material transport, to recognition etc....

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Matsarskaia, Olga, Roosen‐Runge, Felix, Schreiber, Frank
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7496725/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32406605
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202000162
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author Matsarskaia, Olga
Roosen‐Runge, Felix
Schreiber, Frank
author_facet Matsarskaia, Olga
Roosen‐Runge, Felix
Schreiber, Frank
author_sort Matsarskaia, Olga
collection PubMed
description Ions are ubiquitous in nature. They play a key role for many biological processes on the molecular scale, from molecular interactions, to mechanical properties, to folding, to self‐organisation and assembly, to reaction equilibria, to signalling, to energy and material transport, to recognition etc. Going beyond monovalent ions to multivalent ions, the effects of the ions are frequently not only stronger (due to the obviously higher charge), but qualitatively different. A typical example is the process of binding of multivalent ions, such as Ca(2+), to a macromolecule and the consequences of this ion binding such as compaction, collapse, potential charge inversion and precipitation of the macromolecule. Here we review these effects and phenomena induced by multivalent ions for biological (macro)molecules, from the “atomistic/molecular” local picture of (potentially specific) interactions to the more global picture of phase behaviour including, e. g., crystallisation, phase separation, oligomerisation etc. Rather than attempting an encyclopedic list of systems, we rather aim for an embracing discussion using typical case studies. We try to cover predominantly three main classes: proteins, nucleic acids, and amphiphilic molecules including interface effects. We do not cover in detail, but make some comparisons to, ion channels, colloidal systems, and synthetic polymers. While there are obvious differences in the behaviour of, and the relevance of multivalent ions for, the three main classes of systems, we also point out analogies. Our attempt of a comprehensive discussion is guided by the idea that there are not only important differences and specific phenomena with regard to the effects of multivalent ions on the main systems, but also important similarities. We hope to bridge physico‐chemical mechanisms, concepts of soft matter, and biological observations and connect the different communities further.
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spelling pubmed-74967252020-09-25 Multivalent ions and biomolecules: Attempting a comprehensive perspective Matsarskaia, Olga Roosen‐Runge, Felix Schreiber, Frank Chemphyschem Reviews Ions are ubiquitous in nature. They play a key role for many biological processes on the molecular scale, from molecular interactions, to mechanical properties, to folding, to self‐organisation and assembly, to reaction equilibria, to signalling, to energy and material transport, to recognition etc. Going beyond monovalent ions to multivalent ions, the effects of the ions are frequently not only stronger (due to the obviously higher charge), but qualitatively different. A typical example is the process of binding of multivalent ions, such as Ca(2+), to a macromolecule and the consequences of this ion binding such as compaction, collapse, potential charge inversion and precipitation of the macromolecule. Here we review these effects and phenomena induced by multivalent ions for biological (macro)molecules, from the “atomistic/molecular” local picture of (potentially specific) interactions to the more global picture of phase behaviour including, e. g., crystallisation, phase separation, oligomerisation etc. Rather than attempting an encyclopedic list of systems, we rather aim for an embracing discussion using typical case studies. We try to cover predominantly three main classes: proteins, nucleic acids, and amphiphilic molecules including interface effects. We do not cover in detail, but make some comparisons to, ion channels, colloidal systems, and synthetic polymers. While there are obvious differences in the behaviour of, and the relevance of multivalent ions for, the three main classes of systems, we also point out analogies. Our attempt of a comprehensive discussion is guided by the idea that there are not only important differences and specific phenomena with regard to the effects of multivalent ions on the main systems, but also important similarities. We hope to bridge physico‐chemical mechanisms, concepts of soft matter, and biological observations and connect the different communities further. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-07-20 2020-08-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7496725/ /pubmed/32406605 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202000162 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
spellingShingle Reviews
Matsarskaia, Olga
Roosen‐Runge, Felix
Schreiber, Frank
Multivalent ions and biomolecules: Attempting a comprehensive perspective
title Multivalent ions and biomolecules: Attempting a comprehensive perspective
title_full Multivalent ions and biomolecules: Attempting a comprehensive perspective
title_fullStr Multivalent ions and biomolecules: Attempting a comprehensive perspective
title_full_unstemmed Multivalent ions and biomolecules: Attempting a comprehensive perspective
title_short Multivalent ions and biomolecules: Attempting a comprehensive perspective
title_sort multivalent ions and biomolecules: attempting a comprehensive perspective
topic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7496725/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32406605
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202000162
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