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The effect of shared distinctiveness on source memory: An event-related potential study

An illusory correlation (IC) is the erroneous perception that two actually uncorrelated categories are correlated. The Shared Distinctiveness Approach (SDA) explains ICs with heightened accessibility of distinctive category combinations in episodic memory. However, empirical evidence for this approa...

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Autores principales: Weigl, Michael, Pham, Hong Hanh, Mecklinger, Axel, Rosburg, Timm
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7497493/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32839959
http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13415-020-00817-1
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author Weigl, Michael
Pham, Hong Hanh
Mecklinger, Axel
Rosburg, Timm
author_facet Weigl, Michael
Pham, Hong Hanh
Mecklinger, Axel
Rosburg, Timm
author_sort Weigl, Michael
collection PubMed
description An illusory correlation (IC) is the erroneous perception that two actually uncorrelated categories are correlated. The Shared Distinctiveness Approach (SDA) explains ICs with heightened accessibility of distinctive category combinations in episodic memory. However, empirical evidence for this approach is heterogeneous. In the present event-related potential (ERP) study, we exploited the fact that more distinctive items elicit larger P300 responses than less distinctive items, which potentially predict subsequent memory performance differences for such items. Distinctiveness at encoding was created by presenting words that differed from frequently presented, positive words in valence, font color, or both. We hypothesized that shared distinctiveness (deviation in both color and valence) would lead to an enhanced P300 subsequent memory effect (SME), better source memory performance, and an overestimation of the frequency of shared distinctive items. Behavioral results indicated the presence of shared distinctiveness effects on source memory and frequency estimation. Unexpectedly, memory also was enhanced for positive items in the frequent color. This pattern also was reflected in the P300 for highly positive and negative items. However, shared distinctiveness did not modulate the P300 SME, indicating that the processing of distinctive features might only indirectly contribute to better encoding. This study shows that shared distinctiveness indeed is associated with better source memory and ICs. Because effects were observed for the most frequent and the least frequent category combination, our results imply that the processing of distinctiveness might involve attention allocation to diametrical category combinations, thereby accentuating the differences between the categories. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.3758/s13415-020-00817-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-74974932020-09-29 The effect of shared distinctiveness on source memory: An event-related potential study Weigl, Michael Pham, Hong Hanh Mecklinger, Axel Rosburg, Timm Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci Article An illusory correlation (IC) is the erroneous perception that two actually uncorrelated categories are correlated. The Shared Distinctiveness Approach (SDA) explains ICs with heightened accessibility of distinctive category combinations in episodic memory. However, empirical evidence for this approach is heterogeneous. In the present event-related potential (ERP) study, we exploited the fact that more distinctive items elicit larger P300 responses than less distinctive items, which potentially predict subsequent memory performance differences for such items. Distinctiveness at encoding was created by presenting words that differed from frequently presented, positive words in valence, font color, or both. We hypothesized that shared distinctiveness (deviation in both color and valence) would lead to an enhanced P300 subsequent memory effect (SME), better source memory performance, and an overestimation of the frequency of shared distinctive items. Behavioral results indicated the presence of shared distinctiveness effects on source memory and frequency estimation. Unexpectedly, memory also was enhanced for positive items in the frequent color. This pattern also was reflected in the P300 for highly positive and negative items. However, shared distinctiveness did not modulate the P300 SME, indicating that the processing of distinctive features might only indirectly contribute to better encoding. This study shows that shared distinctiveness indeed is associated with better source memory and ICs. Because effects were observed for the most frequent and the least frequent category combination, our results imply that the processing of distinctiveness might involve attention allocation to diametrical category combinations, thereby accentuating the differences between the categories. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.3758/s13415-020-00817-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer US 2020-08-24 2020 /pmc/articles/PMC7497493/ /pubmed/32839959 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13415-020-00817-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Weigl, Michael
Pham, Hong Hanh
Mecklinger, Axel
Rosburg, Timm
The effect of shared distinctiveness on source memory: An event-related potential study
title The effect of shared distinctiveness on source memory: An event-related potential study
title_full The effect of shared distinctiveness on source memory: An event-related potential study
title_fullStr The effect of shared distinctiveness on source memory: An event-related potential study
title_full_unstemmed The effect of shared distinctiveness on source memory: An event-related potential study
title_short The effect of shared distinctiveness on source memory: An event-related potential study
title_sort effect of shared distinctiveness on source memory: an event-related potential study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7497493/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32839959
http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13415-020-00817-1
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