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Lyme disease and relapsing fever in Mexico: An overview of human and wildlife infections
Lyme borreliosis and Relapsing fever are considered emerging and re-emerging diseases that cause major public health problems in endemic countries. Epidemiology and geographical distribution of these diseases are documented in the US and in Europe, yet in Mexico, studies are scarce and scattered. Th...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7497999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32941463 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238496 |
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author | Colunga-Salas, Pablo Sánchez-Montes, Sokani Volkow, Patricia Ruíz-Remigio, Adriana Becker, Ingeborg |
author_facet | Colunga-Salas, Pablo Sánchez-Montes, Sokani Volkow, Patricia Ruíz-Remigio, Adriana Becker, Ingeborg |
author_sort | Colunga-Salas, Pablo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Lyme borreliosis and Relapsing fever are considered emerging and re-emerging diseases that cause major public health problems in endemic countries. Epidemiology and geographical distribution of these diseases are documented in the US and in Europe, yet in Mexico, studies are scarce and scattered. The aims of this study were (1) to present the first confirmatory evidence of an endemic case of Lyme disease in Mexico and (2) to analyze the epidemiological trend of these both diseases by compiling all the information published on Borrelia in Mexico. Two databases were compiled, one of human cases and another of wild and domestic animals in the country. The analysis included the evaluation of risk factors for the human population, the diversity of Borrelia species and their geographic distribution. Six Borrelia species were reported in a total of 1,347 reports, of which 398 were of humans. Women and children from rural communities were shown to be more susceptible for both Lyme borreliosis and Relapsing fever. The remaining reports were made in diverse mammalian species and ticks. A total of 17 mammalian species and 14 tick species were recorded as hosts for this bacterial genus. It is noteworthy that records of Borrelia were only made in 18 of the 32 states, mainly in northern and central Mexico. These results highlight the importance of performing further studies in areas where animal cases have been reported, yet no human studies have been done, in order to complete the epidemiological panorama for Lyme borreliosis and Relapsing fever. Finally, the search for Borrelia infections in other vertebrates, such as reptiles and amphibians is recommended to gain a more accurate view of Borrelia species and their distribution. The geographical approach presented herein justifies an intense sampling effort to improve epidemiological knowledge of these diseases to aid vector control and prevention programs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7497999 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74979992020-09-24 Lyme disease and relapsing fever in Mexico: An overview of human and wildlife infections Colunga-Salas, Pablo Sánchez-Montes, Sokani Volkow, Patricia Ruíz-Remigio, Adriana Becker, Ingeborg PLoS One Research Article Lyme borreliosis and Relapsing fever are considered emerging and re-emerging diseases that cause major public health problems in endemic countries. Epidemiology and geographical distribution of these diseases are documented in the US and in Europe, yet in Mexico, studies are scarce and scattered. The aims of this study were (1) to present the first confirmatory evidence of an endemic case of Lyme disease in Mexico and (2) to analyze the epidemiological trend of these both diseases by compiling all the information published on Borrelia in Mexico. Two databases were compiled, one of human cases and another of wild and domestic animals in the country. The analysis included the evaluation of risk factors for the human population, the diversity of Borrelia species and their geographic distribution. Six Borrelia species were reported in a total of 1,347 reports, of which 398 were of humans. Women and children from rural communities were shown to be more susceptible for both Lyme borreliosis and Relapsing fever. The remaining reports were made in diverse mammalian species and ticks. A total of 17 mammalian species and 14 tick species were recorded as hosts for this bacterial genus. It is noteworthy that records of Borrelia were only made in 18 of the 32 states, mainly in northern and central Mexico. These results highlight the importance of performing further studies in areas where animal cases have been reported, yet no human studies have been done, in order to complete the epidemiological panorama for Lyme borreliosis and Relapsing fever. Finally, the search for Borrelia infections in other vertebrates, such as reptiles and amphibians is recommended to gain a more accurate view of Borrelia species and their distribution. The geographical approach presented herein justifies an intense sampling effort to improve epidemiological knowledge of these diseases to aid vector control and prevention programs. Public Library of Science 2020-09-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7497999/ /pubmed/32941463 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238496 Text en © 2020 Colunga-Salas et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Colunga-Salas, Pablo Sánchez-Montes, Sokani Volkow, Patricia Ruíz-Remigio, Adriana Becker, Ingeborg Lyme disease and relapsing fever in Mexico: An overview of human and wildlife infections |
title | Lyme disease and relapsing fever in Mexico: An overview of human and wildlife infections |
title_full | Lyme disease and relapsing fever in Mexico: An overview of human and wildlife infections |
title_fullStr | Lyme disease and relapsing fever in Mexico: An overview of human and wildlife infections |
title_full_unstemmed | Lyme disease and relapsing fever in Mexico: An overview of human and wildlife infections |
title_short | Lyme disease and relapsing fever in Mexico: An overview of human and wildlife infections |
title_sort | lyme disease and relapsing fever in mexico: an overview of human and wildlife infections |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7497999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32941463 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238496 |
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