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Mucins in Intestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation: Learning From Clinical and Experimental Studies

Throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, a distinct mucus layer composed of highly glycosylated proteins called mucins plays an essential role in providing lubrication for the passage of food, participating in cell signaling pathways and protecting the host epithelium from commensal microorganism...

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Autores principales: Grondin, Jensine A., Kwon, Yun Han, Far, Parsa Mehraban, Haq, Sabah, Khan, Waliul I.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7500085/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33013869
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02054
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author Grondin, Jensine A.
Kwon, Yun Han
Far, Parsa Mehraban
Haq, Sabah
Khan, Waliul I.
author_facet Grondin, Jensine A.
Kwon, Yun Han
Far, Parsa Mehraban
Haq, Sabah
Khan, Waliul I.
author_sort Grondin, Jensine A.
collection PubMed
description Throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, a distinct mucus layer composed of highly glycosylated proteins called mucins plays an essential role in providing lubrication for the passage of food, participating in cell signaling pathways and protecting the host epithelium from commensal microorganisms and invading pathogens, as well as toxins and other environmental irritants. These mucins can be broadly classified into either secreted gel-forming mucins, those that provide the structural backbone for the mucus barrier, or transmembrane mucins, those that form the glycocalyx layer covering the underlying epithelial cells. Goblet cells dispersed among the intestinal epithelial cells are chiefly responsible for the synthesis and secretion of mucins within the gut and are heavily influenced by interactions with the immune system. Evidence from both clinical and animal studies have indicated that several GI conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer, and numerous enteric infections are accompanied by considerable changes in mucin quality and quantity. These changes include, but are not limited to, impaired goblet cell function, synthesis dysregulation, and altered post-translational modifications. The current review aims to highlight the structural and functional features as well as the production and immunological regulation of mucins and the impact these key elements have within the context of barrier function and host defense in intestinal inflammation.
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spelling pubmed-75000852020-10-02 Mucins in Intestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation: Learning From Clinical and Experimental Studies Grondin, Jensine A. Kwon, Yun Han Far, Parsa Mehraban Haq, Sabah Khan, Waliul I. Front Immunol Immunology Throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, a distinct mucus layer composed of highly glycosylated proteins called mucins plays an essential role in providing lubrication for the passage of food, participating in cell signaling pathways and protecting the host epithelium from commensal microorganisms and invading pathogens, as well as toxins and other environmental irritants. These mucins can be broadly classified into either secreted gel-forming mucins, those that provide the structural backbone for the mucus barrier, or transmembrane mucins, those that form the glycocalyx layer covering the underlying epithelial cells. Goblet cells dispersed among the intestinal epithelial cells are chiefly responsible for the synthesis and secretion of mucins within the gut and are heavily influenced by interactions with the immune system. Evidence from both clinical and animal studies have indicated that several GI conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer, and numerous enteric infections are accompanied by considerable changes in mucin quality and quantity. These changes include, but are not limited to, impaired goblet cell function, synthesis dysregulation, and altered post-translational modifications. The current review aims to highlight the structural and functional features as well as the production and immunological regulation of mucins and the impact these key elements have within the context of barrier function and host defense in intestinal inflammation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-09-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7500085/ /pubmed/33013869 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02054 Text en Copyright © 2020 Grondin, Kwon, Far, Haq and Khan. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Grondin, Jensine A.
Kwon, Yun Han
Far, Parsa Mehraban
Haq, Sabah
Khan, Waliul I.
Mucins in Intestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation: Learning From Clinical and Experimental Studies
title Mucins in Intestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation: Learning From Clinical and Experimental Studies
title_full Mucins in Intestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation: Learning From Clinical and Experimental Studies
title_fullStr Mucins in Intestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation: Learning From Clinical and Experimental Studies
title_full_unstemmed Mucins in Intestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation: Learning From Clinical and Experimental Studies
title_short Mucins in Intestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation: Learning From Clinical and Experimental Studies
title_sort mucins in intestinal mucosal defense and inflammation: learning from clinical and experimental studies
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7500085/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33013869
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02054
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