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Biotic rescaling reveals importance of species interactions for variation in biodiversity responses to climate change

Generality in understanding biodiversity responses to climate change has been hampered by substantial variation in the rates and even directions of response to a given change in climate. We propose that such context dependencies can be clarified by rescaling climate gradients in terms of the underly...

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Autores principales: Vandvik, Vigdis, Skarpaas, Olav, Klanderud, Kari, Telford, Richard J., Halbritter, Aud H., Goldberg, Deborah E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: National Academy of Sciences 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7502702/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32868426
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2003377117
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author Vandvik, Vigdis
Skarpaas, Olav
Klanderud, Kari
Telford, Richard J.
Halbritter, Aud H.
Goldberg, Deborah E.
author_facet Vandvik, Vigdis
Skarpaas, Olav
Klanderud, Kari
Telford, Richard J.
Halbritter, Aud H.
Goldberg, Deborah E.
author_sort Vandvik, Vigdis
collection PubMed
description Generality in understanding biodiversity responses to climate change has been hampered by substantial variation in the rates and even directions of response to a given change in climate. We propose that such context dependencies can be clarified by rescaling climate gradients in terms of the underlying biological processes, with biotic interactions as a particularly important process. We tested this rescaling approach in a replicated field experiment where entire montane grassland communities were transplanted in the direction of expected temperature and/or precipitation change. In line with earlier work, we found considerable variation across sites in community dynamics in response to climate change. However, these complex context dependencies could be substantially reduced or eliminated by rescaling climate drivers in terms of proxies of plant−plant interactions. Specifically, bryophytes limited colonization by new species into local communities, whereas the cover of those colonists, along with bryophytes, were the primary drivers of local extinctions. These specific interactions are relatively understudied, suggesting important directions for future work in similar systems. More generally, the success of our approach in explaining and simplifying landscape-level variation in climate change responses suggests that developing and testing proxies for relevant underlying processes could be a fruitful direction for building more general models of biodiversity response to climate change.
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spelling pubmed-75027022020-09-28 Biotic rescaling reveals importance of species interactions for variation in biodiversity responses to climate change Vandvik, Vigdis Skarpaas, Olav Klanderud, Kari Telford, Richard J. Halbritter, Aud H. Goldberg, Deborah E. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences Generality in understanding biodiversity responses to climate change has been hampered by substantial variation in the rates and even directions of response to a given change in climate. We propose that such context dependencies can be clarified by rescaling climate gradients in terms of the underlying biological processes, with biotic interactions as a particularly important process. We tested this rescaling approach in a replicated field experiment where entire montane grassland communities were transplanted in the direction of expected temperature and/or precipitation change. In line with earlier work, we found considerable variation across sites in community dynamics in response to climate change. However, these complex context dependencies could be substantially reduced or eliminated by rescaling climate drivers in terms of proxies of plant−plant interactions. Specifically, bryophytes limited colonization by new species into local communities, whereas the cover of those colonists, along with bryophytes, were the primary drivers of local extinctions. These specific interactions are relatively understudied, suggesting important directions for future work in similar systems. More generally, the success of our approach in explaining and simplifying landscape-level variation in climate change responses suggests that developing and testing proxies for relevant underlying processes could be a fruitful direction for building more general models of biodiversity response to climate change. National Academy of Sciences 2020-09-15 2020-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7502702/ /pubmed/32868426 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2003377117 Text en Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Biological Sciences
Vandvik, Vigdis
Skarpaas, Olav
Klanderud, Kari
Telford, Richard J.
Halbritter, Aud H.
Goldberg, Deborah E.
Biotic rescaling reveals importance of species interactions for variation in biodiversity responses to climate change
title Biotic rescaling reveals importance of species interactions for variation in biodiversity responses to climate change
title_full Biotic rescaling reveals importance of species interactions for variation in biodiversity responses to climate change
title_fullStr Biotic rescaling reveals importance of species interactions for variation in biodiversity responses to climate change
title_full_unstemmed Biotic rescaling reveals importance of species interactions for variation in biodiversity responses to climate change
title_short Biotic rescaling reveals importance of species interactions for variation in biodiversity responses to climate change
title_sort biotic rescaling reveals importance of species interactions for variation in biodiversity responses to climate change
topic Biological Sciences
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7502702/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32868426
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2003377117
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