Cargando…
Levels of Interleukin-6 in Saliva, but Not Plasma, Correlate with Clinical Metrics in Huntington’s Disease Patients and Healthy Control Subjects
Growing evidence suggests that inflammatory responses, in both the brain and peripheral tissues, contribute to disease pathology in Huntington’s disease (HD), an inherited, progressive neurodegenerative disorder typically affecting adults in their 30–40 s. Hence, studies of inflammation-related mark...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7503233/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32887270 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176363 |
_version_ | 1783584346241761280 |
---|---|
author | Corey-Bloom, Jody Fischer, Ryan S. Kim, Aeri Snell, Chase Parkin, Georgia M. Granger, Douglas A. Granger, Steven W. Thomas, Elizabeth A. |
author_facet | Corey-Bloom, Jody Fischer, Ryan S. Kim, Aeri Snell, Chase Parkin, Georgia M. Granger, Douglas A. Granger, Steven W. Thomas, Elizabeth A. |
author_sort | Corey-Bloom, Jody |
collection | PubMed |
description | Growing evidence suggests that inflammatory responses, in both the brain and peripheral tissues, contribute to disease pathology in Huntington’s disease (HD), an inherited, progressive neurodegenerative disorder typically affecting adults in their 30–40 s. Hence, studies of inflammation-related markers in peripheral fluids might be useful to better characterize disease features. In this study, we measured levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1B), and alpha-amylase (AA) in saliva and plasma from n = 125 subjects, including n = 37 manifest HD patients, n = 36 premanifest patients, and n = 52 healthy controls, using immunoassays. We found increases in salivary levels of IL-6, IL-1B and CRP across different disease groups and increased levels of IL-6 in the plasma of HD patients as compared to premanifest patients and controls. The levels of salivary IL-6 were significantly correlated with each of the other salivary markers, as well as with IL-6 levels measured in plasma. Further, salivary IL-6 and IL-1B levels were significantly positively correlated with Total Motor Score (TMS) and chorea scores and negatively correlated with Total Functional Capacity (TFC) in HD patients, whereby in healthy control subjects, IL-6 was significantly negatively correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Symbol Digit Modalities test (SDM). Interestingly, the plasma levels of IL-6 did not show similar correlations to any clinical measures in either HD or control subjects. These findings suggest that salivary IL-6 is particularly relevant as a potential non-invasive biomarker for HD symptoms. The advent of an effective, dependable salivary biomarker would meet the urgent need for a less invasive means of identifying and monitoring HD disease progression. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7503233 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75032332020-09-23 Levels of Interleukin-6 in Saliva, but Not Plasma, Correlate with Clinical Metrics in Huntington’s Disease Patients and Healthy Control Subjects Corey-Bloom, Jody Fischer, Ryan S. Kim, Aeri Snell, Chase Parkin, Georgia M. Granger, Douglas A. Granger, Steven W. Thomas, Elizabeth A. Int J Mol Sci Article Growing evidence suggests that inflammatory responses, in both the brain and peripheral tissues, contribute to disease pathology in Huntington’s disease (HD), an inherited, progressive neurodegenerative disorder typically affecting adults in their 30–40 s. Hence, studies of inflammation-related markers in peripheral fluids might be useful to better characterize disease features. In this study, we measured levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1B), and alpha-amylase (AA) in saliva and plasma from n = 125 subjects, including n = 37 manifest HD patients, n = 36 premanifest patients, and n = 52 healthy controls, using immunoassays. We found increases in salivary levels of IL-6, IL-1B and CRP across different disease groups and increased levels of IL-6 in the plasma of HD patients as compared to premanifest patients and controls. The levels of salivary IL-6 were significantly correlated with each of the other salivary markers, as well as with IL-6 levels measured in plasma. Further, salivary IL-6 and IL-1B levels were significantly positively correlated with Total Motor Score (TMS) and chorea scores and negatively correlated with Total Functional Capacity (TFC) in HD patients, whereby in healthy control subjects, IL-6 was significantly negatively correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Symbol Digit Modalities test (SDM). Interestingly, the plasma levels of IL-6 did not show similar correlations to any clinical measures in either HD or control subjects. These findings suggest that salivary IL-6 is particularly relevant as a potential non-invasive biomarker for HD symptoms. The advent of an effective, dependable salivary biomarker would meet the urgent need for a less invasive means of identifying and monitoring HD disease progression. MDPI 2020-09-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7503233/ /pubmed/32887270 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176363 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Corey-Bloom, Jody Fischer, Ryan S. Kim, Aeri Snell, Chase Parkin, Georgia M. Granger, Douglas A. Granger, Steven W. Thomas, Elizabeth A. Levels of Interleukin-6 in Saliva, but Not Plasma, Correlate with Clinical Metrics in Huntington’s Disease Patients and Healthy Control Subjects |
title | Levels of Interleukin-6 in Saliva, but Not Plasma, Correlate with Clinical Metrics in Huntington’s Disease Patients and Healthy Control Subjects |
title_full | Levels of Interleukin-6 in Saliva, but Not Plasma, Correlate with Clinical Metrics in Huntington’s Disease Patients and Healthy Control Subjects |
title_fullStr | Levels of Interleukin-6 in Saliva, but Not Plasma, Correlate with Clinical Metrics in Huntington’s Disease Patients and Healthy Control Subjects |
title_full_unstemmed | Levels of Interleukin-6 in Saliva, but Not Plasma, Correlate with Clinical Metrics in Huntington’s Disease Patients and Healthy Control Subjects |
title_short | Levels of Interleukin-6 in Saliva, but Not Plasma, Correlate with Clinical Metrics in Huntington’s Disease Patients and Healthy Control Subjects |
title_sort | levels of interleukin-6 in saliva, but not plasma, correlate with clinical metrics in huntington’s disease patients and healthy control subjects |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7503233/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32887270 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176363 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT coreybloomjody levelsofinterleukin6insalivabutnotplasmacorrelatewithclinicalmetricsinhuntingtonsdiseasepatientsandhealthycontrolsubjects AT fischerryans levelsofinterleukin6insalivabutnotplasmacorrelatewithclinicalmetricsinhuntingtonsdiseasepatientsandhealthycontrolsubjects AT kimaeri levelsofinterleukin6insalivabutnotplasmacorrelatewithclinicalmetricsinhuntingtonsdiseasepatientsandhealthycontrolsubjects AT snellchase levelsofinterleukin6insalivabutnotplasmacorrelatewithclinicalmetricsinhuntingtonsdiseasepatientsandhealthycontrolsubjects AT parkingeorgiam levelsofinterleukin6insalivabutnotplasmacorrelatewithclinicalmetricsinhuntingtonsdiseasepatientsandhealthycontrolsubjects AT grangerdouglasa levelsofinterleukin6insalivabutnotplasmacorrelatewithclinicalmetricsinhuntingtonsdiseasepatientsandhealthycontrolsubjects AT grangerstevenw levelsofinterleukin6insalivabutnotplasmacorrelatewithclinicalmetricsinhuntingtonsdiseasepatientsandhealthycontrolsubjects AT thomaselizabetha levelsofinterleukin6insalivabutnotplasmacorrelatewithclinicalmetricsinhuntingtonsdiseasepatientsandhealthycontrolsubjects |