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Blood Clot Phenotyping by Rheometry: Platelets and Fibrinogen Chemistry Affect Stress-Softening and -Stiffening at Large Oscillation Amplitude

(1) Background: Together with treatment protocols, viscoelastic tests are widely used for patient care. Measuring at broader ranges of deformation than currently done will add information on a clot’s mechanical phenotype because fibrin networks follow different stretching regimes, and blood flow com...

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Autores principales: Windberger, Ursula, Läuger, Jörg
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7503632/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32858936
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173890
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author Windberger, Ursula
Läuger, Jörg
author_facet Windberger, Ursula
Läuger, Jörg
author_sort Windberger, Ursula
collection PubMed
description (1) Background: Together with treatment protocols, viscoelastic tests are widely used for patient care. Measuring at broader ranges of deformation than currently done will add information on a clot’s mechanical phenotype because fibrin networks follow different stretching regimes, and blood flow compels clots into a dynamic non-linear response. (2) Methods: To characterize the influence of platelets on the network level, a stress amplitude sweep test (LAOStress) was applied to clots from native plasma with five platelet concentrations. Five species were used to validate the protocol (human, cow, pig, rat, horse). By Lissajous plots the oscillation cycle for each stress level was analyzed. (3) Results: Cyclic stress loading generates a characteristic strain response that scales with the platelet quantity at low stress, and that is independent from the platelet count at high shear stress. This general behavior is valid in the animal models except cow. Here, the specific fibrinogen chemistry induces a stiffer network and a variant high stress response. (4) Conclusions: The protocol provides several thresholds to connect the softening and stiffening behavior of clots with the applied shear stress. This points to the reversible part of deformation, and thus opens a new route to describe a blood clot’s phenotype.
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spelling pubmed-75036322020-09-27 Blood Clot Phenotyping by Rheometry: Platelets and Fibrinogen Chemistry Affect Stress-Softening and -Stiffening at Large Oscillation Amplitude Windberger, Ursula Läuger, Jörg Molecules Article (1) Background: Together with treatment protocols, viscoelastic tests are widely used for patient care. Measuring at broader ranges of deformation than currently done will add information on a clot’s mechanical phenotype because fibrin networks follow different stretching regimes, and blood flow compels clots into a dynamic non-linear response. (2) Methods: To characterize the influence of platelets on the network level, a stress amplitude sweep test (LAOStress) was applied to clots from native plasma with five platelet concentrations. Five species were used to validate the protocol (human, cow, pig, rat, horse). By Lissajous plots the oscillation cycle for each stress level was analyzed. (3) Results: Cyclic stress loading generates a characteristic strain response that scales with the platelet quantity at low stress, and that is independent from the platelet count at high shear stress. This general behavior is valid in the animal models except cow. Here, the specific fibrinogen chemistry induces a stiffer network and a variant high stress response. (4) Conclusions: The protocol provides several thresholds to connect the softening and stiffening behavior of clots with the applied shear stress. This points to the reversible part of deformation, and thus opens a new route to describe a blood clot’s phenotype. MDPI 2020-08-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7503632/ /pubmed/32858936 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173890 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Windberger, Ursula
Läuger, Jörg
Blood Clot Phenotyping by Rheometry: Platelets and Fibrinogen Chemistry Affect Stress-Softening and -Stiffening at Large Oscillation Amplitude
title Blood Clot Phenotyping by Rheometry: Platelets and Fibrinogen Chemistry Affect Stress-Softening and -Stiffening at Large Oscillation Amplitude
title_full Blood Clot Phenotyping by Rheometry: Platelets and Fibrinogen Chemistry Affect Stress-Softening and -Stiffening at Large Oscillation Amplitude
title_fullStr Blood Clot Phenotyping by Rheometry: Platelets and Fibrinogen Chemistry Affect Stress-Softening and -Stiffening at Large Oscillation Amplitude
title_full_unstemmed Blood Clot Phenotyping by Rheometry: Platelets and Fibrinogen Chemistry Affect Stress-Softening and -Stiffening at Large Oscillation Amplitude
title_short Blood Clot Phenotyping by Rheometry: Platelets and Fibrinogen Chemistry Affect Stress-Softening and -Stiffening at Large Oscillation Amplitude
title_sort blood clot phenotyping by rheometry: platelets and fibrinogen chemistry affect stress-softening and -stiffening at large oscillation amplitude
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7503632/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32858936
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173890
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