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An Electromyographic Analysis of Lateral Raise Variations and Frontal Raise in Competitive Bodybuilders
The present study examined the muscle activation in lateral raise with humerus rotated externally (LR-external), neutrally (LR-neutral), internally (LR-internal), with flexed elbow (LR-flexed) and frontal raise during both the concentric and eccentric phase. Ten competitive bodybuilders performed th...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7503819/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824894 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176015 |
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author | Coratella, Giuseppe Tornatore, Gianpaolo Longo, Stefano Esposito, Fabio Cè, Emiliano |
author_facet | Coratella, Giuseppe Tornatore, Gianpaolo Longo, Stefano Esposito, Fabio Cè, Emiliano |
author_sort | Coratella, Giuseppe |
collection | PubMed |
description | The present study examined the muscle activation in lateral raise with humerus rotated externally (LR-external), neutrally (LR-neutral), internally (LR-internal), with flexed elbow (LR-flexed) and frontal raise during both the concentric and eccentric phase. Ten competitive bodybuilders performed the exercises. Normalized surface electromyographic root mean square (sEMG RMS) was obtained from anterior, medial, and posterior deltoid, pectoralis major, upper trapezius, and triceps brachii. During the concentric phase, anterior deltoid and posterior deltoid showed greater sEMG RMS in frontal raise (effect size (ES)-range: 1.78/9.25)) and LR-internal (ES-range: 10.79/21.34), respectively, vs. all other exercises. Medial deltoid showed greater sEMG RMS in LR-neutral than LR-external (ES: 1.47 (95% confidence-interval—CI: 0.43/2.38)), frontal raise (ES: 10.28(95% CI: 6.67/13.01)), and LR-flexed (ES: 6.41(95% CI: 4.04/8.23)). Pectoralis major showed greater sEMG RMS in frontal raise vs. all other exercises (ES-range: 17.2/29.5), while upper trapezius (ES-range: 2.66/7.18) and triceps brachii (ES-range: 0.41/3.31) showed greater sEMG RMS in LR-internal vs. all other exercises. Similar recruitment patterns were found during the eccentric phase. When humerus rotates internally, greater activation of posterior deltoid, triceps brachii, and upper trapezius occurs. Humerus external rotation increases the activation of anterior and medial deltoid. Frontal raise mainly activates anterior deltoid and pectoralis major. LR variations and frontal raise activate specifically shoulders muscles and should be proposed accordingly. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7503819 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75038192020-09-27 An Electromyographic Analysis of Lateral Raise Variations and Frontal Raise in Competitive Bodybuilders Coratella, Giuseppe Tornatore, Gianpaolo Longo, Stefano Esposito, Fabio Cè, Emiliano Int J Environ Res Public Health Article The present study examined the muscle activation in lateral raise with humerus rotated externally (LR-external), neutrally (LR-neutral), internally (LR-internal), with flexed elbow (LR-flexed) and frontal raise during both the concentric and eccentric phase. Ten competitive bodybuilders performed the exercises. Normalized surface electromyographic root mean square (sEMG RMS) was obtained from anterior, medial, and posterior deltoid, pectoralis major, upper trapezius, and triceps brachii. During the concentric phase, anterior deltoid and posterior deltoid showed greater sEMG RMS in frontal raise (effect size (ES)-range: 1.78/9.25)) and LR-internal (ES-range: 10.79/21.34), respectively, vs. all other exercises. Medial deltoid showed greater sEMG RMS in LR-neutral than LR-external (ES: 1.47 (95% confidence-interval—CI: 0.43/2.38)), frontal raise (ES: 10.28(95% CI: 6.67/13.01)), and LR-flexed (ES: 6.41(95% CI: 4.04/8.23)). Pectoralis major showed greater sEMG RMS in frontal raise vs. all other exercises (ES-range: 17.2/29.5), while upper trapezius (ES-range: 2.66/7.18) and triceps brachii (ES-range: 0.41/3.31) showed greater sEMG RMS in LR-internal vs. all other exercises. Similar recruitment patterns were found during the eccentric phase. When humerus rotates internally, greater activation of posterior deltoid, triceps brachii, and upper trapezius occurs. Humerus external rotation increases the activation of anterior and medial deltoid. Frontal raise mainly activates anterior deltoid and pectoralis major. LR variations and frontal raise activate specifically shoulders muscles and should be proposed accordingly. MDPI 2020-08-19 2020-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7503819/ /pubmed/32824894 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176015 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Coratella, Giuseppe Tornatore, Gianpaolo Longo, Stefano Esposito, Fabio Cè, Emiliano An Electromyographic Analysis of Lateral Raise Variations and Frontal Raise in Competitive Bodybuilders |
title | An Electromyographic Analysis of Lateral Raise Variations and Frontal Raise in Competitive Bodybuilders |
title_full | An Electromyographic Analysis of Lateral Raise Variations and Frontal Raise in Competitive Bodybuilders |
title_fullStr | An Electromyographic Analysis of Lateral Raise Variations and Frontal Raise in Competitive Bodybuilders |
title_full_unstemmed | An Electromyographic Analysis of Lateral Raise Variations and Frontal Raise in Competitive Bodybuilders |
title_short | An Electromyographic Analysis of Lateral Raise Variations and Frontal Raise in Competitive Bodybuilders |
title_sort | electromyographic analysis of lateral raise variations and frontal raise in competitive bodybuilders |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7503819/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32824894 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176015 |
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