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Resisting Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Therapy: A Systematic Review
The treatment landscape in oncology has witnessed a major revolution with the introduction of checkpoint inhibitors: anti-PD1, anti-PDL1 and anti-CTLA-4. These agents enhance the immune response towards cancer cells instead of targeting the tumor itself, contrary to standard chemotherapy. Although l...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7504220/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32867025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176176 |
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author | Haibe, Yolla El Husseini, Ziad El Sayed, Rola Shamseddine, Ali |
author_facet | Haibe, Yolla El Husseini, Ziad El Sayed, Rola Shamseddine, Ali |
author_sort | Haibe, Yolla |
collection | PubMed |
description | The treatment landscape in oncology has witnessed a major revolution with the introduction of checkpoint inhibitors: anti-PD1, anti-PDL1 and anti-CTLA-4. These agents enhance the immune response towards cancer cells instead of targeting the tumor itself, contrary to standard chemotherapy. Although long-lasting durable responses have been observed with immune checkpoints inhibitors, the response rate remains relatively low in many cases. Some patients respond in the beginning but then eventually develop acquired resistance to treatment and progress. Other patients having primary resistance never respond. Multiple studies have been conducted to further elucidate these variations in response in different tumor types and different individuals. This paper provides an overview of the mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors and highlights the possible therapeutic approaches under investigation aiming to overcome such resistance in order to improve the clinical outcomes of cancer patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7504220 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75042202020-09-24 Resisting Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Therapy: A Systematic Review Haibe, Yolla El Husseini, Ziad El Sayed, Rola Shamseddine, Ali Int J Mol Sci Review The treatment landscape in oncology has witnessed a major revolution with the introduction of checkpoint inhibitors: anti-PD1, anti-PDL1 and anti-CTLA-4. These agents enhance the immune response towards cancer cells instead of targeting the tumor itself, contrary to standard chemotherapy. Although long-lasting durable responses have been observed with immune checkpoints inhibitors, the response rate remains relatively low in many cases. Some patients respond in the beginning but then eventually develop acquired resistance to treatment and progress. Other patients having primary resistance never respond. Multiple studies have been conducted to further elucidate these variations in response in different tumor types and different individuals. This paper provides an overview of the mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors and highlights the possible therapeutic approaches under investigation aiming to overcome such resistance in order to improve the clinical outcomes of cancer patients. MDPI 2020-08-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7504220/ /pubmed/32867025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176176 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Haibe, Yolla El Husseini, Ziad El Sayed, Rola Shamseddine, Ali Resisting Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Therapy: A Systematic Review |
title | Resisting Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Therapy: A Systematic Review |
title_full | Resisting Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Therapy: A Systematic Review |
title_fullStr | Resisting Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Therapy: A Systematic Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Resisting Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Therapy: A Systematic Review |
title_short | Resisting Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Therapy: A Systematic Review |
title_sort | resisting resistance to immune checkpoint therapy: a systematic review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7504220/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32867025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176176 |
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