High-Performance Core/Shell of ZnO/TiO(2) Nanowire with AgCl-Doped CdSe Quantum Dots Arrays as Electron Transport Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells

Most previous studies of perovskite core/shell structures have been based on ZnO/TiO(2) nanowires (NWs), which are not suitable for high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Here, core/shell ZnO/TiO(2) NWs with AgCl-doped CdSe quantum dots were fabricated as an electron transport layer (ETL) for perovskite solar cells, based on ZnO/TiO(2) arrays. We designed CdSe with AgCl dopants that were synthesized by a colloidal process. An improvement of the recombination barrier (R(ct1)), due to shell supplementation with AgCl-doped CdSe quantum dots, improved the open circuit voltage, the fill factor, and the adsorption capacity of CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3) perovskite with NWs. The enhanced cell steady state was attributable to TiO(2) with AgCl-doped CdSe QD supplementation. A maximum power conversion efficiency of 15.12% was attained in an atmospheric environment. The mechanism of the recombination and electron transport in the perovskite solar cells becoming the basis of ZnO/TiO(2) core/shell arrays was investigated to represent the merit of ZnO/TiO(2) core/shell arrays as an electron transport layer in effective devices. These results showed an uncomplicated approach for restraining non-radiative recombination loss in hetero-structure core/shell arrays to significantly improve perovskite solar cell performance and increase the effectiveness of photovoltaics.