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Methods of Purification and Application Procedures of Alpha1 Antitrypsin: A Long-Lasting History
The aim of the present report is to review the literature addressing the methods developed for the purification of alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) from the 1950s to the present. AAT is a glycoprotein whose main function is to protect tissues from human neutrophil elastase (HNE) and other proteases released...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7504755/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32887469 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25174014 |
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author | Viglio, Simona Iadarola, Paolo D’Amato, Maura Stolk, Jan |
author_facet | Viglio, Simona Iadarola, Paolo D’Amato, Maura Stolk, Jan |
author_sort | Viglio, Simona |
collection | PubMed |
description | The aim of the present report is to review the literature addressing the methods developed for the purification of alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) from the 1950s to the present. AAT is a glycoprotein whose main function is to protect tissues from human neutrophil elastase (HNE) and other proteases released by neutrophils during an inflammatory state. The lack of this inhibitor in human serum is responsible for the onset of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), which is a severe genetic disorder that affects lungs in adults and for which there is currently no cure. Being used, under special circumstances, as a medical treatment of AATD in the so-called “replacement” therapy (consisting in the intravenous infusion of the missing protein), AAT is a molecule with a lot of therapeutic importance. For this reason, interest in AAT purification from human plasma or its production in a recombinant version has grown considerably in recent years. This article retraces all technological advances that allowed the manufacturers to move from a few micrograms of partially purified AAT to several grams of highly purified protein. Moreover, the chronic augmentation and maintenance therapy in individuals with emphysema due to congenital AAT deficiency (current applications in the clinical setting) is also presented. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7504755 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75047552020-09-26 Methods of Purification and Application Procedures of Alpha1 Antitrypsin: A Long-Lasting History Viglio, Simona Iadarola, Paolo D’Amato, Maura Stolk, Jan Molecules Review The aim of the present report is to review the literature addressing the methods developed for the purification of alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) from the 1950s to the present. AAT is a glycoprotein whose main function is to protect tissues from human neutrophil elastase (HNE) and other proteases released by neutrophils during an inflammatory state. The lack of this inhibitor in human serum is responsible for the onset of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), which is a severe genetic disorder that affects lungs in adults and for which there is currently no cure. Being used, under special circumstances, as a medical treatment of AATD in the so-called “replacement” therapy (consisting in the intravenous infusion of the missing protein), AAT is a molecule with a lot of therapeutic importance. For this reason, interest in AAT purification from human plasma or its production in a recombinant version has grown considerably in recent years. This article retraces all technological advances that allowed the manufacturers to move from a few micrograms of partially purified AAT to several grams of highly purified protein. Moreover, the chronic augmentation and maintenance therapy in individuals with emphysema due to congenital AAT deficiency (current applications in the clinical setting) is also presented. MDPI 2020-09-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7504755/ /pubmed/32887469 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25174014 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Viglio, Simona Iadarola, Paolo D’Amato, Maura Stolk, Jan Methods of Purification and Application Procedures of Alpha1 Antitrypsin: A Long-Lasting History |
title | Methods of Purification and Application Procedures of Alpha1 Antitrypsin: A Long-Lasting History |
title_full | Methods of Purification and Application Procedures of Alpha1 Antitrypsin: A Long-Lasting History |
title_fullStr | Methods of Purification and Application Procedures of Alpha1 Antitrypsin: A Long-Lasting History |
title_full_unstemmed | Methods of Purification and Application Procedures of Alpha1 Antitrypsin: A Long-Lasting History |
title_short | Methods of Purification and Application Procedures of Alpha1 Antitrypsin: A Long-Lasting History |
title_sort | methods of purification and application procedures of alpha1 antitrypsin: a long-lasting history |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7504755/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32887469 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25174014 |
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