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Evaluation of ocular involvement in patients with Hansen’s disease

Hansen’s disease (HD) belongs to the group of neglected diseases and can cause physical deformities and disabilities, in addition to leading to social discrimination. Ocular involvement in HD is estimated at 70–75% worldwide. About 10–50% suffer from severe ocular symptoms and loss of vision occurs...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Pavezzi, Priscila Daiane, do Prado, Rodrigo Bueno, Boin Filho, Plinio Ângelo, Gon, Airton dos Santos, Tuma, Bruna, Fornazieri, Marco Aurelio, Scalone, Fabiana de Mari, Alves, Luciana Rigolin Mazoni, Montero, Ricardo Hirayama, Casella, Antonio Marcelo Barbante
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7505469/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32956360
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008585
Descripción
Sumario:Hansen’s disease (HD) belongs to the group of neglected diseases and can cause physical deformities and disabilities, in addition to leading to social discrimination. Ocular involvement in HD is estimated at 70–75% worldwide. About 10–50% suffer from severe ocular symptoms and loss of vision occurs in approximately 5% of cases. Ocular changes may persist or worsen even after patients are considered cured and it is necessary to better understand these conditions in order to determine the need for additional public policies. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of ocular involvement in patients with HD at two specialist referral centers for treatment of the disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted with ophthalmological evaluations of patients with HD from June 2017 to June 2018. Diagnostic ocular findings, corrected visual acuity, and refractive error were described. Findings were correlated with patients’ clinical and epidemiological variables. A total of 86 patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 50.1 years, predominantly males (59.3%), and with multibacillary HD (92%). The prevalence of ophthalmologic changes was 100% and the most common were dysfunction of the Meibomian glands (89.5%) and dry eye syndrome (81.4%). Cataracts were observed in 22 patients (25.6%), but best corrected visual acuity was normal or near normal in 84 patients (97.7%) and there were no cases of bilateral blindness. Patients with some degree of physical disability had more ophthalmological alterations, involving both the ocular adnexa (p = 0.03) and the ocular globe (p = 0.04). Ocular involvement is common in patients with Hansen’s disease, reinforcing the importance of ophthalmologic examination in the evaluation and follow-up of these patients.