An Ultra-Sensitive Modular Hybrid EMG–FMG Sensor with Floating Electrodes

To improve the reliability and safety of myoelectric prosthetic control, many researchers tend to use multi-modal signals. The combination of electromyography (EMG) and forcemyography (FMG) has been proved to be a practical choice. However, an integrative and compact design of this hybrid sensor is lacking. This paper presents a novel modular EMG–FMG sensor; the sensing module has a novel design that consists of floating electrodes, which act as the sensing probe of both the EMG and FMG. This design improves the integration of the sensor. The whole system contains one data acquisition unit and eight identical sensor modules. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the sensor system. The results show that the EMG and FMG signals have good consistency under standard conditions; the FMG signal shows a better and more robust performance than the EMG. The average accuracy is 99.07% while using both the EMG and FMG signals for recognition of six hand gestures under standard conditions. Even with two layers of gauze isolated between the sensor and the skin, the average accuracy reaches 90.9% while using only the EMG signal; if we use both the EMG and FMG signals for classification, the average accuracy is 99.42%.