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Pressure-Volume Work for Metastable Liquid and Solid at Zero Pressure
Unlike with gases, for liquids and solids the pressure of a system can be not only positive, but also negative, or even zero. Upon isobaric heat exchange (heating or cooling) at p = 0, the volume work (p-V) should be zero, assuming the general validity of traditional δW = dW(p) = −pdV equality. This...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7512857/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33265428 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20050338 |
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author | Imre, Attila R. Wojciechowski, Krzysztof W. Györke, Gábor Groniewsky, Axel Narojczyk, Jakub. W. |
author_facet | Imre, Attila R. Wojciechowski, Krzysztof W. Györke, Gábor Groniewsky, Axel Narojczyk, Jakub. W. |
author_sort | Imre, Attila R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Unlike with gases, for liquids and solids the pressure of a system can be not only positive, but also negative, or even zero. Upon isobaric heat exchange (heating or cooling) at p = 0, the volume work (p-V) should be zero, assuming the general validity of traditional δW = dW(p) = −pdV equality. This means that at zero pressure, a special process can be realized; a macroscopic change of volume achieved by isobaric heating/cooling without any work done by the system on its surroundings or by the surroundings on the system. A neologism is proposed for these dW(p) = 0 (and in general, also for non-trivial δW = 0 and W = 0) processes: “aergiatic” (from Greek: Ἀεργία, “inactivity”). In this way, two phenomenologically similar processes—adiabatic without any heat exchange, and aergiatic without any work—would have matching, but well-distinguishable terms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7512857 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75128572020-11-09 Pressure-Volume Work for Metastable Liquid and Solid at Zero Pressure Imre, Attila R. Wojciechowski, Krzysztof W. Györke, Gábor Groniewsky, Axel Narojczyk, Jakub. W. Entropy (Basel) Article Unlike with gases, for liquids and solids the pressure of a system can be not only positive, but also negative, or even zero. Upon isobaric heat exchange (heating or cooling) at p = 0, the volume work (p-V) should be zero, assuming the general validity of traditional δW = dW(p) = −pdV equality. This means that at zero pressure, a special process can be realized; a macroscopic change of volume achieved by isobaric heating/cooling without any work done by the system on its surroundings or by the surroundings on the system. A neologism is proposed for these dW(p) = 0 (and in general, also for non-trivial δW = 0 and W = 0) processes: “aergiatic” (from Greek: Ἀεργία, “inactivity”). In this way, two phenomenologically similar processes—adiabatic without any heat exchange, and aergiatic without any work—would have matching, but well-distinguishable terms. MDPI 2018-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7512857/ /pubmed/33265428 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20050338 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Imre, Attila R. Wojciechowski, Krzysztof W. Györke, Gábor Groniewsky, Axel Narojczyk, Jakub. W. Pressure-Volume Work for Metastable Liquid and Solid at Zero Pressure |
title | Pressure-Volume Work for Metastable Liquid and Solid at Zero Pressure |
title_full | Pressure-Volume Work for Metastable Liquid and Solid at Zero Pressure |
title_fullStr | Pressure-Volume Work for Metastable Liquid and Solid at Zero Pressure |
title_full_unstemmed | Pressure-Volume Work for Metastable Liquid and Solid at Zero Pressure |
title_short | Pressure-Volume Work for Metastable Liquid and Solid at Zero Pressure |
title_sort | pressure-volume work for metastable liquid and solid at zero pressure |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7512857/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33265428 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20050338 |
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