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Non-Equilibrium Quantum Brain Dynamics: Super-Radiance and Equilibration in 2 + 1 Dimensions
We derive time evolution equations, namely the Schrödinger-like equations and the Klein–Gordon equations for coherent fields and the Kadanoff–Baym (KB) equations for quantum fluctuations, in quantum electrodynamics (QED) with electric dipoles in [Formula: see text] dimensions. Next we introduce a ki...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7514370/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21111066 |
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author | Nishiyama, Akihiro Tanaka, Shigenori Tuszynski, Jack A. |
author_facet | Nishiyama, Akihiro Tanaka, Shigenori Tuszynski, Jack A. |
author_sort | Nishiyama, Akihiro |
collection | PubMed |
description | We derive time evolution equations, namely the Schrödinger-like equations and the Klein–Gordon equations for coherent fields and the Kadanoff–Baym (KB) equations for quantum fluctuations, in quantum electrodynamics (QED) with electric dipoles in [Formula: see text] dimensions. Next we introduce a kinetic entropy current based on the KB equations in the first order of the gradient expansion. We show the H-theorem for the leading-order self-energy in the coupling expansion (the Hartree–Fock approximation). We show conserved energy in the spatially homogeneous systems in the time evolution. We derive aspects of the super-radiance and the equilibration in our single Lagrangian. Our analysis can be applied to quantum brain dynamics, that is QED, with water electric dipoles. The total energy consumption to maintain super-radiant states in microtubules seems to be within the energy consumption to maintain the ordered systems in a brain. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7514370 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75143702020-11-09 Non-Equilibrium Quantum Brain Dynamics: Super-Radiance and Equilibration in 2 + 1 Dimensions Nishiyama, Akihiro Tanaka, Shigenori Tuszynski, Jack A. Entropy (Basel) Article We derive time evolution equations, namely the Schrödinger-like equations and the Klein–Gordon equations for coherent fields and the Kadanoff–Baym (KB) equations for quantum fluctuations, in quantum electrodynamics (QED) with electric dipoles in [Formula: see text] dimensions. Next we introduce a kinetic entropy current based on the KB equations in the first order of the gradient expansion. We show the H-theorem for the leading-order self-energy in the coupling expansion (the Hartree–Fock approximation). We show conserved energy in the spatially homogeneous systems in the time evolution. We derive aspects of the super-radiance and the equilibration in our single Lagrangian. Our analysis can be applied to quantum brain dynamics, that is QED, with water electric dipoles. The total energy consumption to maintain super-radiant states in microtubules seems to be within the energy consumption to maintain the ordered systems in a brain. MDPI 2019-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7514370/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21111066 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Nishiyama, Akihiro Tanaka, Shigenori Tuszynski, Jack A. Non-Equilibrium Quantum Brain Dynamics: Super-Radiance and Equilibration in 2 + 1 Dimensions |
title | Non-Equilibrium Quantum Brain Dynamics: Super-Radiance and Equilibration in 2 + 1 Dimensions |
title_full | Non-Equilibrium Quantum Brain Dynamics: Super-Radiance and Equilibration in 2 + 1 Dimensions |
title_fullStr | Non-Equilibrium Quantum Brain Dynamics: Super-Radiance and Equilibration in 2 + 1 Dimensions |
title_full_unstemmed | Non-Equilibrium Quantum Brain Dynamics: Super-Radiance and Equilibration in 2 + 1 Dimensions |
title_short | Non-Equilibrium Quantum Brain Dynamics: Super-Radiance and Equilibration in 2 + 1 Dimensions |
title_sort | non-equilibrium quantum brain dynamics: super-radiance and equilibration in 2 + 1 dimensions |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7514370/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21111066 |
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