Breaking an Image Encryption Algorithm Based on DNA Encoding and Spatiotemporal Chaos

Recently, an image encryption algorithm based on DNA encoding and spatiotemporal chaos (IEA-DESC) was proposed. In IEA-DESC, pixel diffusion, DNA encoding, DNA-base permutation and DNA decoding are performed successively to generate cipher-images from the plain-images. Some security analyses and simulation results are given to prove that it can withstand various common attacks. However, in this paper, it is found that IEA-DESC has some inherent security defects as follows: (1) the pixel diffusion is invalid for attackers from the perspective of cryptanalysis; (2) the combination of DNA encoding and DNA decoding is equivalent to bitwise complement; (3) the DNA-base permutation is actually a fixed position shuffling operation for quaternary elements, which has been proved to be insecure. In summary, IEA-DESC is essentially a combination of a fixed DNA-base position permutation and bitwise complement. Therefore, IEA-DESC can be equivalently represented as simplified form, and its security solely depends on the equivalent secret key. So the equivalent secret key of IEA-DESC can be recovered using chosen-plaintext attack and chosen-ciphertext attack, respectively. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the two attack methods are both effective and efficient.