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Availability of menthol cigarettes in Oakland, California after a partial flavor ban

This study measures the availability of menthol cigarettes in Oakland, California where such products were banned from the majority of tobacco retailers, except for those who sold a significant amount of tobacco (e.g., 60% gross income). Out of a total of 385 retailers in Oakland, only forty-eight r...

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Autores principales: Kurti, Marin K., Schroth, Kevin R.J., Ackerman, Christopher, Kennedy, Michelle, Jeong, Michelle, Delnevo, Cristine D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7516294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32995144
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101200
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author Kurti, Marin K.
Schroth, Kevin R.J.
Ackerman, Christopher
Kennedy, Michelle
Jeong, Michelle
Delnevo, Cristine D.
author_facet Kurti, Marin K.
Schroth, Kevin R.J.
Ackerman, Christopher
Kennedy, Michelle
Jeong, Michelle
Delnevo, Cristine D.
author_sort Kurti, Marin K.
collection PubMed
description This study measures the availability of menthol cigarettes in Oakland, California where such products were banned from the majority of tobacco retailers, except for those who sold a significant amount of tobacco (e.g., 60% gross income). Out of a total of 385 retailers in Oakland, only forty-eight retailers were exempt from this ban at the time of data collection. In February 2019, seven months after the ban went into effect, we selected a stratified random sample of 15 census tracts, based on race/ethnicity. In pairs, data collectors walked on opposite sides of the street and collected all discarded cigarette packs (n = 641) from the streets and sidewalks on weekdays. Overall, we found almost half (46.0%; 95% CI = 32.6%–59.3%) of the packs collected were menthol, with Newport as the dominant brand. We found at least one pack of menthol cigarettes in 14 of the 15 sampled census tracts. In predominantly black/African American census tracts, the proportion of menthol cigarettes collected was significantly higher (70.1%; 95% CI = 62.6%–77.7%) when compared to mixed race/ethnicity (55.9%; 95% CI = 41.0–70.9%) and white tracts (35.1%; 95% CI = 13.2%–57.1%). Finally, there was a moderate and negative correlation between distance to exempt tobacco retailer and menthol availability (r = −0.66, p < .05). The proportion of menthol cigarette packs decreased the further away census tracts were from exempt tobacco retailers. Results from this study lend support that partial bans provide disproportionate availability of menthol cigarettes in black/African American census tracts. Complete bans may help eliminate disparities associated with menthol cigarette use across communities.
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spelling pubmed-75162942020-09-28 Availability of menthol cigarettes in Oakland, California after a partial flavor ban Kurti, Marin K. Schroth, Kevin R.J. Ackerman, Christopher Kennedy, Michelle Jeong, Michelle Delnevo, Cristine D. Prev Med Rep Regular Article This study measures the availability of menthol cigarettes in Oakland, California where such products were banned from the majority of tobacco retailers, except for those who sold a significant amount of tobacco (e.g., 60% gross income). Out of a total of 385 retailers in Oakland, only forty-eight retailers were exempt from this ban at the time of data collection. In February 2019, seven months after the ban went into effect, we selected a stratified random sample of 15 census tracts, based on race/ethnicity. In pairs, data collectors walked on opposite sides of the street and collected all discarded cigarette packs (n = 641) from the streets and sidewalks on weekdays. Overall, we found almost half (46.0%; 95% CI = 32.6%–59.3%) of the packs collected were menthol, with Newport as the dominant brand. We found at least one pack of menthol cigarettes in 14 of the 15 sampled census tracts. In predominantly black/African American census tracts, the proportion of menthol cigarettes collected was significantly higher (70.1%; 95% CI = 62.6%–77.7%) when compared to mixed race/ethnicity (55.9%; 95% CI = 41.0–70.9%) and white tracts (35.1%; 95% CI = 13.2%–57.1%). Finally, there was a moderate and negative correlation between distance to exempt tobacco retailer and menthol availability (r = −0.66, p < .05). The proportion of menthol cigarette packs decreased the further away census tracts were from exempt tobacco retailers. Results from this study lend support that partial bans provide disproportionate availability of menthol cigarettes in black/African American census tracts. Complete bans may help eliminate disparities associated with menthol cigarette use across communities. 2020-09-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7516294/ /pubmed/32995144 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101200 Text en © 2020 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Regular Article
Kurti, Marin K.
Schroth, Kevin R.J.
Ackerman, Christopher
Kennedy, Michelle
Jeong, Michelle
Delnevo, Cristine D.
Availability of menthol cigarettes in Oakland, California after a partial flavor ban
title Availability of menthol cigarettes in Oakland, California after a partial flavor ban
title_full Availability of menthol cigarettes in Oakland, California after a partial flavor ban
title_fullStr Availability of menthol cigarettes in Oakland, California after a partial flavor ban
title_full_unstemmed Availability of menthol cigarettes in Oakland, California after a partial flavor ban
title_short Availability of menthol cigarettes in Oakland, California after a partial flavor ban
title_sort availability of menthol cigarettes in oakland, california after a partial flavor ban
topic Regular Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7516294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32995144
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101200
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