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Excitation–Contraction Coupling in the Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Intact Heart

Cardiac physiology of fish models is an emerging field given the ease of genome editing and the development of transgenic models. Several studies have described the cardiac properties of zebrafish (Denio rerio). The goldfish (Carassius auratus) belongs to the same family as the zebrafish and has eme...

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Autores principales: Bazmi, Maedeh, Escobar, Ariel L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7518121/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33041845
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.01103
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author Bazmi, Maedeh
Escobar, Ariel L.
author_facet Bazmi, Maedeh
Escobar, Ariel L.
author_sort Bazmi, Maedeh
collection PubMed
description Cardiac physiology of fish models is an emerging field given the ease of genome editing and the development of transgenic models. Several studies have described the cardiac properties of zebrafish (Denio rerio). The goldfish (Carassius auratus) belongs to the same family as the zebrafish and has emerged as an alternative model with which to study cardiac function. Here, we propose to acutely study electrophysiological and systolic Ca(2+) signaling in intact goldfish hearts. We assessed the Ca(2+) dynamics and the electrophysiological cardiac function of goldfish, zebrafish, and mice models, using pulsed local field fluorescence microscopy, intracellular microelectrodes, and flash photolysis in perfused hearts. We observed goldfish ventricular action potentials (APs) and Ca(2+) transients to be significantly longer when compared to the zebrafish. The action potential half duration at 50% (APD(50)) of goldfish was 370.38 ± 8.8 ms long, and in the zebrafish they were observed to be only 83.9 ± 9.4 ms. Additionally, the half duration of the Ca(2+) transients was also longer for goldfish (402.1 ± 4.4 ms) compared to the zebrafish (99.1 ± 2.7 ms). Also, blocking of the L-type Ca(2+) channels with nifedipine revealed this current has a major role in defining the amplitude and the duration of goldfish Ca(2+) transients. Interestingly, nifedipine flash photolysis experiments in the intact heart identified whether or not the decrease in the amplitude of Ca(2+) transients was due to shorter APs. Moreover, an increase in temperature and heart rate had a strong shortening effect on the AP and Ca(2+) transients of goldfish hearts. Furthermore, ryanodine (Ry) and thapsigargin (Tg) significantly reduced the amplitude of the Ca(2+) transients, induced a prolongation in the APs, and altogether exhibited the degree to which the Ca(2+) release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum contributed to the Ca(2+) transients. We conclude that the electrophysiological properties and Ca(2+) signaling in intact goldfish hearts strongly resembles the endocardial layer of larger mammals.
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spelling pubmed-75181212020-10-09 Excitation–Contraction Coupling in the Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Intact Heart Bazmi, Maedeh Escobar, Ariel L. Front Physiol Physiology Cardiac physiology of fish models is an emerging field given the ease of genome editing and the development of transgenic models. Several studies have described the cardiac properties of zebrafish (Denio rerio). The goldfish (Carassius auratus) belongs to the same family as the zebrafish and has emerged as an alternative model with which to study cardiac function. Here, we propose to acutely study electrophysiological and systolic Ca(2+) signaling in intact goldfish hearts. We assessed the Ca(2+) dynamics and the electrophysiological cardiac function of goldfish, zebrafish, and mice models, using pulsed local field fluorescence microscopy, intracellular microelectrodes, and flash photolysis in perfused hearts. We observed goldfish ventricular action potentials (APs) and Ca(2+) transients to be significantly longer when compared to the zebrafish. The action potential half duration at 50% (APD(50)) of goldfish was 370.38 ± 8.8 ms long, and in the zebrafish they were observed to be only 83.9 ± 9.4 ms. Additionally, the half duration of the Ca(2+) transients was also longer for goldfish (402.1 ± 4.4 ms) compared to the zebrafish (99.1 ± 2.7 ms). Also, blocking of the L-type Ca(2+) channels with nifedipine revealed this current has a major role in defining the amplitude and the duration of goldfish Ca(2+) transients. Interestingly, nifedipine flash photolysis experiments in the intact heart identified whether or not the decrease in the amplitude of Ca(2+) transients was due to shorter APs. Moreover, an increase in temperature and heart rate had a strong shortening effect on the AP and Ca(2+) transients of goldfish hearts. Furthermore, ryanodine (Ry) and thapsigargin (Tg) significantly reduced the amplitude of the Ca(2+) transients, induced a prolongation in the APs, and altogether exhibited the degree to which the Ca(2+) release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum contributed to the Ca(2+) transients. We conclude that the electrophysiological properties and Ca(2+) signaling in intact goldfish hearts strongly resembles the endocardial layer of larger mammals. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-09-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7518121/ /pubmed/33041845 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.01103 Text en Copyright © 2020 Bazmi and Escobar. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Bazmi, Maedeh
Escobar, Ariel L.
Excitation–Contraction Coupling in the Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Intact Heart
title Excitation–Contraction Coupling in the Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Intact Heart
title_full Excitation–Contraction Coupling in the Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Intact Heart
title_fullStr Excitation–Contraction Coupling in the Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Intact Heart
title_full_unstemmed Excitation–Contraction Coupling in the Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Intact Heart
title_short Excitation–Contraction Coupling in the Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Intact Heart
title_sort excitation–contraction coupling in the goldfish (carassius auratus) intact heart
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7518121/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33041845
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.01103
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