Predicted Efficacy of Once-Daily Extended-Release Oxcarbazepine (Oxtellar XR(®)) Monotherapy in Adults and Children with Partial-Onset Seizures: Exposure-Response Modeling and Simulation

PURPOSE: We conducted exposure-response modeling and simulations to compare the predicted efficacy of extended-release oxcarbazepine (OXC-XR), an oral once-daily (qd) antiepileptic drug, with that of immediate-release (IR) OXC twice-daily (bid) when the agents are used as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy in patients with epilepsy characterized by partial-onset seizures (POS). METHODS: Modeling assessed percent change from baseline 28-day seizure frequency (PCH) as a function of minimum concentration (C(min)) of monohydroxy derivative (MHD), the clinically relevant metabolite of OXC. For OXC-IR, the model used historical data; values for OXC-XR were derived from observed data. The model was simulated (N=100) to predict PCH at MHD C(min) concentrations achieved with 1200 and 2400 mg/day in adults and children receiving OXC-XR qd or OXC-IR bid. Mean PCH and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated and compared. RESULTS: Predicted efficacy was not different (ie, 95% CI of mean PCH overlapped) for OXC-XR qd vs OXC-IR bid at mean MHD C(min) concentrations achieved with 1200 and 2400 mg/day adjunctive OXC-XR (47.4 and 76.4 µmol/L) and at target MHD C(min) concentrations for OXC-IR monotherapy (59.1 and 112 µmol/L) in adults. Predicted efficacy in adults vs children was not different between formulations. Depending on MHD C(min), the predicted mean PCH in adults ranged from −51.4% to −73.4% with OXC-XR qd and −53.2% to −78.5% with OXC-IR bid. In children, the predicted mean PCH ranged from −48.4% to −58.1% (OXC-XR qd) and −32.5% to −70.4% (OXC-IR bid). CONCLUSION: This model-based analysis predicted comparable efficacy for OXC-XR qd vs OXC-IR bid at MHD C(min) concentrations corresponding to 1200 and 2400 mg/day as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy. Based on this analysis, the US Food & Drug Administration approved OXC-XR for use as monotherapy in adults and children ≥6 years of age with POS.