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Regional disparities in the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and healthy dietary factors in Korean adults

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Regional disparities in dietary factors might be related to regional disparities in cardiometabolic health. Therefore, this study investigated the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and dietary factors with regional types in Korean adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Based on...

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Autores principales: Ha, Kyungho, Song, YoonJu, Kim, Hye-Kyeong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7520562/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33029291
http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2020.14.5.519
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author Ha, Kyungho
Song, YoonJu
Kim, Hye-Kyeong
author_facet Ha, Kyungho
Song, YoonJu
Kim, Hye-Kyeong
author_sort Ha, Kyungho
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Regional disparities in dietary factors might be related to regional disparities in cardiometabolic health. Therefore, this study investigated the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and dietary factors with regional types in Korean adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Based on data from the 2007–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the study included 39,781 adults aged ≥ 19 years who completed the dietary survey and a health examination. Healthy and unhealthy dietary factors (fat, sodium, fruit, and vegetable intakes) were evaluated using 1-day 24-h dietary recall method, as well as the use of nutrition labels with a questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the participants, 48.7%, 36.0%, and 15.2% lived in metropolitan, urban, and rural areas, respectively. Adults living in urban and rural had higher odds ratios (ORs) for obesity (OR for urban, 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.14; OR for rural, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05–1.24) than adults living in metropolitan areas; these associations were significantly observed in middle-aged adults. Compared to metropolitan residents, rural residents had lower ORs for hypertension in middle-aged (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76–0.96) and metabolic syndrome in older adults (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67–0.91). Regarding urban residents, a lower OR for diabetes in middle-aged adults (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74–0.97) and a higher OR for hypertension in older adults (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02–1.39) were observed. Overall rural residents had higher ORs of excessive carbohydrate, low fruit, and high salted-vegetable intakes than metropolitan residents. Low fruit intake was positively associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension, after adjustment for regional type and other confounders in total participants. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that cardiometabolic risk and unhealthy dietary factors differ among regional types and age groups within Korea. Nutritional policy and interventions should consider regional types for prevention and management of cardiometabolic risk factors.
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spelling pubmed-75205622020-10-06 Regional disparities in the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and healthy dietary factors in Korean adults Ha, Kyungho Song, YoonJu Kim, Hye-Kyeong Nutr Res Pract Original Research BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Regional disparities in dietary factors might be related to regional disparities in cardiometabolic health. Therefore, this study investigated the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and dietary factors with regional types in Korean adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Based on data from the 2007–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the study included 39,781 adults aged ≥ 19 years who completed the dietary survey and a health examination. Healthy and unhealthy dietary factors (fat, sodium, fruit, and vegetable intakes) were evaluated using 1-day 24-h dietary recall method, as well as the use of nutrition labels with a questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the participants, 48.7%, 36.0%, and 15.2% lived in metropolitan, urban, and rural areas, respectively. Adults living in urban and rural had higher odds ratios (ORs) for obesity (OR for urban, 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.14; OR for rural, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05–1.24) than adults living in metropolitan areas; these associations were significantly observed in middle-aged adults. Compared to metropolitan residents, rural residents had lower ORs for hypertension in middle-aged (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76–0.96) and metabolic syndrome in older adults (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67–0.91). Regarding urban residents, a lower OR for diabetes in middle-aged adults (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74–0.97) and a higher OR for hypertension in older adults (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02–1.39) were observed. Overall rural residents had higher ORs of excessive carbohydrate, low fruit, and high salted-vegetable intakes than metropolitan residents. Low fruit intake was positively associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension, after adjustment for regional type and other confounders in total participants. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that cardiometabolic risk and unhealthy dietary factors differ among regional types and age groups within Korea. Nutritional policy and interventions should consider regional types for prevention and management of cardiometabolic risk factors. The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2020-10 2020-07-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7520562/ /pubmed/33029291 http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2020.14.5.519 Text en ©2020 The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Ha, Kyungho
Song, YoonJu
Kim, Hye-Kyeong
Regional disparities in the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and healthy dietary factors in Korean adults
title Regional disparities in the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and healthy dietary factors in Korean adults
title_full Regional disparities in the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and healthy dietary factors in Korean adults
title_fullStr Regional disparities in the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and healthy dietary factors in Korean adults
title_full_unstemmed Regional disparities in the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and healthy dietary factors in Korean adults
title_short Regional disparities in the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and healthy dietary factors in Korean adults
title_sort regional disparities in the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and healthy dietary factors in korean adults
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7520562/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33029291
http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2020.14.5.519
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