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Understanding the role of milk in regulating human homeostasis in the context of the COVID-19 global pandemic

Although data from clinical observation have directly shown that children aged 0–14 years are less susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection than those who are between 15 and 64 years old, due to a lack of biological evidence of differences in cell entry r...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ren, Guangxu, Cheng, Guangyan, Wang, Jiaqi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier Ltd. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7521208/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33012988
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.09.027
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author Ren, Guangxu
Cheng, Guangyan
Wang, Jiaqi
author_facet Ren, Guangxu
Cheng, Guangyan
Wang, Jiaqi
author_sort Ren, Guangxu
collection PubMed
description Although data from clinical observation have directly shown that children aged 0–14 years are less susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection than those who are between 15 and 64 years old, due to a lack of biological evidence of differences in cell entry receptors between age groups, it remains debatable whether children are actually less susceptible than adults. To date, studies on COVID-19 have consistently shown that pediatric patients generally have relatively milder cytokine release syndrome and lower mortality rates than adults. Interestingly, similar phenomena of relatively mild symptoms in children have been observed in previous outbreaks of coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. In fact, in the early stage of life, there are many mechanisms that spontaneously regulate excessive inflammatory responses. Milk, as the main food of infants, not only provides necessary energy and nutrients but also plays an important role in regulating homeostasis related to the immune system, gut microecology and nutrition balance. This review discusses some roles of milk in regulating human homeostasis, especially in the disease states. These clues provide new insight and references for personal care at home and/or in the hospital during the global COVID-19 pandemic.
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spelling pubmed-75212082020-09-29 Understanding the role of milk in regulating human homeostasis in the context of the COVID-19 global pandemic Ren, Guangxu Cheng, Guangyan Wang, Jiaqi Trends Food Sci Technol Article Although data from clinical observation have directly shown that children aged 0–14 years are less susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection than those who are between 15 and 64 years old, due to a lack of biological evidence of differences in cell entry receptors between age groups, it remains debatable whether children are actually less susceptible than adults. To date, studies on COVID-19 have consistently shown that pediatric patients generally have relatively milder cytokine release syndrome and lower mortality rates than adults. Interestingly, similar phenomena of relatively mild symptoms in children have been observed in previous outbreaks of coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. In fact, in the early stage of life, there are many mechanisms that spontaneously regulate excessive inflammatory responses. Milk, as the main food of infants, not only provides necessary energy and nutrients but also plays an important role in regulating homeostasis related to the immune system, gut microecology and nutrition balance. This review discusses some roles of milk in regulating human homeostasis, especially in the disease states. These clues provide new insight and references for personal care at home and/or in the hospital during the global COVID-19 pandemic. Elsevier Ltd. 2021-01 2020-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7521208/ /pubmed/33012988 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.09.027 Text en © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Ren, Guangxu
Cheng, Guangyan
Wang, Jiaqi
Understanding the role of milk in regulating human homeostasis in the context of the COVID-19 global pandemic
title Understanding the role of milk in regulating human homeostasis in the context of the COVID-19 global pandemic
title_full Understanding the role of milk in regulating human homeostasis in the context of the COVID-19 global pandemic
title_fullStr Understanding the role of milk in regulating human homeostasis in the context of the COVID-19 global pandemic
title_full_unstemmed Understanding the role of milk in regulating human homeostasis in the context of the COVID-19 global pandemic
title_short Understanding the role of milk in regulating human homeostasis in the context of the COVID-19 global pandemic
title_sort understanding the role of milk in regulating human homeostasis in the context of the covid-19 global pandemic
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7521208/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33012988
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.09.027
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