Decreased ANGPTL4 impairs endometrial angiogenesis during peri‐implantation period in patients with recurrent implantation failure

Insufficient endometrial angiogenesis during peri‐implantation impairs endometrial receptivity (ER), which contributes to recurrent implantation failure (RIF) during in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF‐ET). Angiopoietin‐like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) acts as a multifunctional secretory protein and is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism and angiogenesis in various tissues including the endometrium. Herein, we found decreased ANGPTL4 expression in endometrial tissue and serum during peri‐implantation period in 18 RIF‐affected women with elevated uterine arterial impedance (UAI) compared with the pregnancy controls. ANGPTL4 and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression were up‐regulated upon decidualization on human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). Rosiglitazone promoted the expression of ANGPTL4 in HESCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via PPARγ. ANGPTL4 promoted the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs in vitro. Our results suggest that decreased abundance of ANGPTL4 in endometrial tissues impairs the endometrial receptivity via restraining endometrial angiogenesis during decidualization; while rosiglitazone‐induced ANGPTL4 up‐regulation in hESCs and HUVECs through PPARγ. Therefore, ANGPTL4 could be a potential therapeutic approach for some RIF‐affected women with elevated UAI.