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Ethanol and isopropanol inactivation of human coronavirus on hard surfaces

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has greatly increased the frequency of disinfecting surfaces in public places, causing a strain on the ability to obtain disinfectant solutions. An alternative is to use plain alcohols (EtOH and IPA) or sodium hypochlorite (SH). AIM: To determine the...

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Autores principales: Meyers, C., Kass, R., Goldenberg, D., Milici, J., Alam, S., Robison, R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7521917/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32991941
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.09.026
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author Meyers, C.
Kass, R.
Goldenberg, D.
Milici, J.
Alam, S.
Robison, R.
author_facet Meyers, C.
Kass, R.
Goldenberg, D.
Milici, J.
Alam, S.
Robison, R.
author_sort Meyers, C.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has greatly increased the frequency of disinfecting surfaces in public places, causing a strain on the ability to obtain disinfectant solutions. An alternative is to use plain alcohols (EtOH and IPA) or sodium hypochlorite (SH). AIM: To determine the efficacy of various concentrations of EtOH, IPA and SH on a human coronavirus (HCoV) dried on to surfaces using short contact times. METHODS: High concentrations of infectious HCoV were dried on to porcelain and ceramic tiles, then treated with various concentrations of the alcohols for contact times of 15 s, 30 s and 1 min. Three concentrations of SH were also tested. Reductions in titres were measured using the tissue culture infectious dose 50 assay. FINDINGS: Concentrations of EtOH and IPA from 62% to 80% were very efficient at inactivating high concentrations of HCoV dried on to tile surfaces, even with a 15-s contact time. Concentrations of 95% dehydrated the virus, allowing infectious virus to survive. The dilutions of SH recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1/10 and 1/50) were efficient at inactivating high concentrations of HCoV dried on to tile surfaces, whereas a 1/100 dilution had substantially lower activity. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple concentrations of EtOH, IPA and SH efficiently inactivated infectious HCoV on hard surfaces, typical of those found in public places. Often no remaining infectious HCoV could be detected.
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spelling pubmed-75219172020-09-29 Ethanol and isopropanol inactivation of human coronavirus on hard surfaces Meyers, C. Kass, R. Goldenberg, D. Milici, J. Alam, S. Robison, R. J Hosp Infect Short Report BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has greatly increased the frequency of disinfecting surfaces in public places, causing a strain on the ability to obtain disinfectant solutions. An alternative is to use plain alcohols (EtOH and IPA) or sodium hypochlorite (SH). AIM: To determine the efficacy of various concentrations of EtOH, IPA and SH on a human coronavirus (HCoV) dried on to surfaces using short contact times. METHODS: High concentrations of infectious HCoV were dried on to porcelain and ceramic tiles, then treated with various concentrations of the alcohols for contact times of 15 s, 30 s and 1 min. Three concentrations of SH were also tested. Reductions in titres were measured using the tissue culture infectious dose 50 assay. FINDINGS: Concentrations of EtOH and IPA from 62% to 80% were very efficient at inactivating high concentrations of HCoV dried on to tile surfaces, even with a 15-s contact time. Concentrations of 95% dehydrated the virus, allowing infectious virus to survive. The dilutions of SH recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1/10 and 1/50) were efficient at inactivating high concentrations of HCoV dried on to tile surfaces, whereas a 1/100 dilution had substantially lower activity. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple concentrations of EtOH, IPA and SH efficiently inactivated infectious HCoV on hard surfaces, typical of those found in public places. Often no remaining infectious HCoV could be detected. The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2021-01 2020-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7521917/ /pubmed/32991941 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.09.026 Text en © 2020 The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Short Report
Meyers, C.
Kass, R.
Goldenberg, D.
Milici, J.
Alam, S.
Robison, R.
Ethanol and isopropanol inactivation of human coronavirus on hard surfaces
title Ethanol and isopropanol inactivation of human coronavirus on hard surfaces
title_full Ethanol and isopropanol inactivation of human coronavirus on hard surfaces
title_fullStr Ethanol and isopropanol inactivation of human coronavirus on hard surfaces
title_full_unstemmed Ethanol and isopropanol inactivation of human coronavirus on hard surfaces
title_short Ethanol and isopropanol inactivation of human coronavirus on hard surfaces
title_sort ethanol and isopropanol inactivation of human coronavirus on hard surfaces
topic Short Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7521917/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32991941
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.09.026
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