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Advances in Biomaterials for the Prevention and Disruption of Candida Biofilms

Candida species can readily colonize a multitude of indwelling devices, leading to biofilm formation. These three-dimensional, surface-associated Candida communities employ a multitude of sophisticated mechanisms to evade treatment, leading to persistent and recurrent infections with high mortality...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Vera-González, Noel, Shukla, Anita
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7527432/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33042051
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.538602
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author Vera-González, Noel
Shukla, Anita
author_facet Vera-González, Noel
Shukla, Anita
author_sort Vera-González, Noel
collection PubMed
description Candida species can readily colonize a multitude of indwelling devices, leading to biofilm formation. These three-dimensional, surface-associated Candida communities employ a multitude of sophisticated mechanisms to evade treatment, leading to persistent and recurrent infections with high mortality rates. Further complicating matters, the current arsenal of antifungal therapeutics that are effective against biofilms is extremely limited. Antifungal biomaterials are gaining interest as an effective strategy for combating Candida biofilm infections. In this review, we explore biomaterials developed to prevent Candida biofilm formation and those that treat existing biofilms. Surface functionalization of devices employing clinically utilized antifungals, other antifungal molecules, and antifungal polymers has been extremely effective at preventing fungi attachment, which is the first step of biofilm formation. Several mechanisms can lead to this attachment inhibition, including contact killing and release-based killing of surrounding planktonic cells. Eliminating mature biofilms is arguably much more difficult than prevention. Nanoparticles have shown the most promise in disrupting existing biofilms, with the potential to penetrate the dense fungal biofilm matrix and locally target fungal cells. We will describe recent advances in both surface functionalization and nanoparticle therapeutics for the treatment of Candida biofilms.
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spelling pubmed-75274322020-10-09 Advances in Biomaterials for the Prevention and Disruption of Candida Biofilms Vera-González, Noel Shukla, Anita Front Microbiol Microbiology Candida species can readily colonize a multitude of indwelling devices, leading to biofilm formation. These three-dimensional, surface-associated Candida communities employ a multitude of sophisticated mechanisms to evade treatment, leading to persistent and recurrent infections with high mortality rates. Further complicating matters, the current arsenal of antifungal therapeutics that are effective against biofilms is extremely limited. Antifungal biomaterials are gaining interest as an effective strategy for combating Candida biofilm infections. In this review, we explore biomaterials developed to prevent Candida biofilm formation and those that treat existing biofilms. Surface functionalization of devices employing clinically utilized antifungals, other antifungal molecules, and antifungal polymers has been extremely effective at preventing fungi attachment, which is the first step of biofilm formation. Several mechanisms can lead to this attachment inhibition, including contact killing and release-based killing of surrounding planktonic cells. Eliminating mature biofilms is arguably much more difficult than prevention. Nanoparticles have shown the most promise in disrupting existing biofilms, with the potential to penetrate the dense fungal biofilm matrix and locally target fungal cells. We will describe recent advances in both surface functionalization and nanoparticle therapeutics for the treatment of Candida biofilms. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-09-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7527432/ /pubmed/33042051 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.538602 Text en Copyright © 2020 Vera-González and Shukla. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Vera-González, Noel
Shukla, Anita
Advances in Biomaterials for the Prevention and Disruption of Candida Biofilms
title Advances in Biomaterials for the Prevention and Disruption of Candida Biofilms
title_full Advances in Biomaterials for the Prevention and Disruption of Candida Biofilms
title_fullStr Advances in Biomaterials for the Prevention and Disruption of Candida Biofilms
title_full_unstemmed Advances in Biomaterials for the Prevention and Disruption of Candida Biofilms
title_short Advances in Biomaterials for the Prevention and Disruption of Candida Biofilms
title_sort advances in biomaterials for the prevention and disruption of candida biofilms
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7527432/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33042051
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.538602
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