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The shaping of immunological responses through natural selection after the Roma Diaspora

The Roma people are the largest transnational ethnic minority in Europe and can be considered the last human migration of South Asian origin into the continent. They left Northwest India approximately 1,000 years ago, reaching the Balkan Peninsula around the twelfth century and Romania in the fourte...

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Autores principales: Dobon, Begoña, ter Horst, Rob, Laayouni, Hafid, Mondal, Mayukh, Bianco, Erica, Comas, David, Ioana, Mihai, Bosch, Elena, Bertranpetit, Jaume, Netea, Mihai G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7528012/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32999407
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73182-1
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author Dobon, Begoña
ter Horst, Rob
Laayouni, Hafid
Mondal, Mayukh
Bianco, Erica
Comas, David
Ioana, Mihai
Bosch, Elena
Bertranpetit, Jaume
Netea, Mihai G.
author_facet Dobon, Begoña
ter Horst, Rob
Laayouni, Hafid
Mondal, Mayukh
Bianco, Erica
Comas, David
Ioana, Mihai
Bosch, Elena
Bertranpetit, Jaume
Netea, Mihai G.
author_sort Dobon, Begoña
collection PubMed
description The Roma people are the largest transnational ethnic minority in Europe and can be considered the last human migration of South Asian origin into the continent. They left Northwest India approximately 1,000 years ago, reaching the Balkan Peninsula around the twelfth century and Romania in the fourteenth century. Here, we analyze whole-genome sequencing data of 40 Roma and 40 non-Roma individuals from Romania. We performed a genome-wide scan of selection comparing Roma, their local host population, and a Northwestern Indian population, to identify the selective pressures faced by the Roma mainly after they settled in Europe. We identify under recent selection several pathways implicated in immune responses, among them cellular metabolism pathways known to be rewired after immune stimulation. We validated the interaction between PIK3-mTOR-HIF-1α and cytokine response influenced by bacterial and fungal infections. Our results point to a significant role of these pathways for host defense against the most prevalent pathogens in Europe during the last millennium.
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spelling pubmed-75280122020-10-02 The shaping of immunological responses through natural selection after the Roma Diaspora Dobon, Begoña ter Horst, Rob Laayouni, Hafid Mondal, Mayukh Bianco, Erica Comas, David Ioana, Mihai Bosch, Elena Bertranpetit, Jaume Netea, Mihai G. Sci Rep Article The Roma people are the largest transnational ethnic minority in Europe and can be considered the last human migration of South Asian origin into the continent. They left Northwest India approximately 1,000 years ago, reaching the Balkan Peninsula around the twelfth century and Romania in the fourteenth century. Here, we analyze whole-genome sequencing data of 40 Roma and 40 non-Roma individuals from Romania. We performed a genome-wide scan of selection comparing Roma, their local host population, and a Northwestern Indian population, to identify the selective pressures faced by the Roma mainly after they settled in Europe. We identify under recent selection several pathways implicated in immune responses, among them cellular metabolism pathways known to be rewired after immune stimulation. We validated the interaction between PIK3-mTOR-HIF-1α and cytokine response influenced by bacterial and fungal infections. Our results point to a significant role of these pathways for host defense against the most prevalent pathogens in Europe during the last millennium. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7528012/ /pubmed/32999407 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73182-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Dobon, Begoña
ter Horst, Rob
Laayouni, Hafid
Mondal, Mayukh
Bianco, Erica
Comas, David
Ioana, Mihai
Bosch, Elena
Bertranpetit, Jaume
Netea, Mihai G.
The shaping of immunological responses through natural selection after the Roma Diaspora
title The shaping of immunological responses through natural selection after the Roma Diaspora
title_full The shaping of immunological responses through natural selection after the Roma Diaspora
title_fullStr The shaping of immunological responses through natural selection after the Roma Diaspora
title_full_unstemmed The shaping of immunological responses through natural selection after the Roma Diaspora
title_short The shaping of immunological responses through natural selection after the Roma Diaspora
title_sort shaping of immunological responses through natural selection after the roma diaspora
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7528012/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32999407
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73182-1
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