Determination of the Raman polarizability tensor in the optically anisotropic crystal potassium dihydrogen phosphate and its deuterated analog

The Raman tensor of the dominant A(1) modes of the nonlinear optical crystalline material potassium dihydrogen phosphate and its 70% deuterated analog have been ascertained. Challenges in determining the A(1) mode tensor element values based on previous reports have been resolved using a specially designed experimental setup that makes use of spherical crystal samples. This novel experimental design enabled the determination of measurement artifacts, including polarization rotation of the pump and/or scattered light propagating through the sample and the contribution of additional overlapping phonon modes, which have hindered previous efforts. Results confirmed that the polarization tensor is diagonal, and matrix elements were determined with high accuracy.