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Chromatin Landscape During Skeletal Muscle Differentiation
Cellular commitment and differentiation involve highly coordinated mechanisms by which tissue-specific genes are activated while others are repressed. These mechanisms rely on the activity of specific transcription factors, chromatin remodeling enzymes, and higher-order chromatin organization in ord...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7530293/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33193700 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.578712 |
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author | Hernández-Hernández, Oscar Ávila-Avilés, Rodolfo Daniel Hernández-Hernández, J. Manuel |
author_facet | Hernández-Hernández, Oscar Ávila-Avilés, Rodolfo Daniel Hernández-Hernández, J. Manuel |
author_sort | Hernández-Hernández, Oscar |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cellular commitment and differentiation involve highly coordinated mechanisms by which tissue-specific genes are activated while others are repressed. These mechanisms rely on the activity of specific transcription factors, chromatin remodeling enzymes, and higher-order chromatin organization in order to modulate transcriptional regulation on multiple cellular contexts. Tissue-specific transcription factors are key mediators of cell fate specification with the ability to reprogram cell types into different lineages. A classic example of a master transcription factor is the muscle specific factor MyoD, which belongs to the family of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs). MRFs regulate cell fate determination and terminal differentiation of the myogenic precursors in a multistep process that eventually culminate with formation of muscle fibers. This developmental progression involves the activation and proliferation of muscle stem cells, commitment, and cell cycle exit and fusion of mononucleated myoblast to generate myotubes and myofibers. Although the epigenetics of muscle regeneration has been extensively addressed and discussed over the recent years, the influence of higher-order chromatin organization in skeletal muscle regeneration is still a field of development. In this review, we will focus on the epigenetic mechanisms modulating muscle gene expression and on the incipient work that addresses three-dimensional genome architecture and its influence in cell fate determination and differentiation to achieve skeletal myogenesis. We will visit known alterations of genome organization mediated by chromosomal fusions giving rise to novel regulatory landscapes, enhancing oncogenic activation in muscle, such as alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas (ARMS). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7530293 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75302932020-11-13 Chromatin Landscape During Skeletal Muscle Differentiation Hernández-Hernández, Oscar Ávila-Avilés, Rodolfo Daniel Hernández-Hernández, J. Manuel Front Genet Genetics Cellular commitment and differentiation involve highly coordinated mechanisms by which tissue-specific genes are activated while others are repressed. These mechanisms rely on the activity of specific transcription factors, chromatin remodeling enzymes, and higher-order chromatin organization in order to modulate transcriptional regulation on multiple cellular contexts. Tissue-specific transcription factors are key mediators of cell fate specification with the ability to reprogram cell types into different lineages. A classic example of a master transcription factor is the muscle specific factor MyoD, which belongs to the family of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs). MRFs regulate cell fate determination and terminal differentiation of the myogenic precursors in a multistep process that eventually culminate with formation of muscle fibers. This developmental progression involves the activation and proliferation of muscle stem cells, commitment, and cell cycle exit and fusion of mononucleated myoblast to generate myotubes and myofibers. Although the epigenetics of muscle regeneration has been extensively addressed and discussed over the recent years, the influence of higher-order chromatin organization in skeletal muscle regeneration is still a field of development. In this review, we will focus on the epigenetic mechanisms modulating muscle gene expression and on the incipient work that addresses three-dimensional genome architecture and its influence in cell fate determination and differentiation to achieve skeletal myogenesis. We will visit known alterations of genome organization mediated by chromosomal fusions giving rise to novel regulatory landscapes, enhancing oncogenic activation in muscle, such as alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas (ARMS). Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-09-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7530293/ /pubmed/33193700 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.578712 Text en Copyright © 2020 Hernández-Hernández, Ávila-Avilés and Hernández-Hernández. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Genetics Hernández-Hernández, Oscar Ávila-Avilés, Rodolfo Daniel Hernández-Hernández, J. Manuel Chromatin Landscape During Skeletal Muscle Differentiation |
title | Chromatin Landscape During Skeletal Muscle Differentiation |
title_full | Chromatin Landscape During Skeletal Muscle Differentiation |
title_fullStr | Chromatin Landscape During Skeletal Muscle Differentiation |
title_full_unstemmed | Chromatin Landscape During Skeletal Muscle Differentiation |
title_short | Chromatin Landscape During Skeletal Muscle Differentiation |
title_sort | chromatin landscape during skeletal muscle differentiation |
topic | Genetics |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7530293/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33193700 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.578712 |
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