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Prototype foamy virus downregulates RelB expression to facilitate viral replication
Foamy viruses (FVs) are classified in the subfamily Spumaretrovirinae and bridge the gap between Orthoretrovirinae and Hepadnaviridae. FVs have strong cytopathic effects against cells cultured in vitro. However, they establish lifelong latent infections without evident pathology in the host. The rol...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7530389/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32881382 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2211-5463.12968 |
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author | Zhang, Junshi Wang, Chenchen Tuo, Xiaopeng Chai, Keli Xu, Yali Qiao, Wentao Tan, Juan |
author_facet | Zhang, Junshi Wang, Chenchen Tuo, Xiaopeng Chai, Keli Xu, Yali Qiao, Wentao Tan, Juan |
author_sort | Zhang, Junshi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Foamy viruses (FVs) are classified in the subfamily Spumaretrovirinae and bridge the gap between Orthoretrovirinae and Hepadnaviridae. FVs have strong cytopathic effects against cells cultured in vitro. However, they establish lifelong latent infections without evident pathology in the host. The roles of cellular factors in FV replication are poorly understood. To better understand this area, we determined the transcriptomes of HT1080 cells infected with prototype foamy virus (PFV) to measure the effect of PFV infection on the expression of cellular genes. We found that the level of RelB mRNA, a member of the nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) protein family, was significantly decreased as a result of PFV infection, and this was further confirmed with real‐time PCR. Interestingly, overexpression of RelB reduced PFV replication, whereas its depletion using small interfering RNA increased PFV replication. This inhibitory effect of RelB results from diminished transactivation of the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter and an internal promoter (IP) by viral Tas protein. Together, these data demonstrate that PFV infection downregulates the viral inhibitory host factor RelB, which otherwise restricts viral gene expression. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7530389 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75303892020-10-05 Prototype foamy virus downregulates RelB expression to facilitate viral replication Zhang, Junshi Wang, Chenchen Tuo, Xiaopeng Chai, Keli Xu, Yali Qiao, Wentao Tan, Juan FEBS Open Bio Research Articles Foamy viruses (FVs) are classified in the subfamily Spumaretrovirinae and bridge the gap between Orthoretrovirinae and Hepadnaviridae. FVs have strong cytopathic effects against cells cultured in vitro. However, they establish lifelong latent infections without evident pathology in the host. The roles of cellular factors in FV replication are poorly understood. To better understand this area, we determined the transcriptomes of HT1080 cells infected with prototype foamy virus (PFV) to measure the effect of PFV infection on the expression of cellular genes. We found that the level of RelB mRNA, a member of the nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) protein family, was significantly decreased as a result of PFV infection, and this was further confirmed with real‐time PCR. Interestingly, overexpression of RelB reduced PFV replication, whereas its depletion using small interfering RNA increased PFV replication. This inhibitory effect of RelB results from diminished transactivation of the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter and an internal promoter (IP) by viral Tas protein. Together, these data demonstrate that PFV infection downregulates the viral inhibitory host factor RelB, which otherwise restricts viral gene expression. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7530389/ /pubmed/32881382 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2211-5463.12968 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Published by FEBS Press and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Zhang, Junshi Wang, Chenchen Tuo, Xiaopeng Chai, Keli Xu, Yali Qiao, Wentao Tan, Juan Prototype foamy virus downregulates RelB expression to facilitate viral replication |
title | Prototype foamy virus downregulates RelB expression to facilitate viral replication |
title_full | Prototype foamy virus downregulates RelB expression to facilitate viral replication |
title_fullStr | Prototype foamy virus downregulates RelB expression to facilitate viral replication |
title_full_unstemmed | Prototype foamy virus downregulates RelB expression to facilitate viral replication |
title_short | Prototype foamy virus downregulates RelB expression to facilitate viral replication |
title_sort | prototype foamy virus downregulates relb expression to facilitate viral replication |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7530389/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32881382 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2211-5463.12968 |
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