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Nonoptimal Vaginal Microbiota After Azithromycin Treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis Infection

We characterized the composition and structure of the vaginal microbiota in a cohort of 149 women with genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection at baseline who were followed quarterly for 9 months after antibiotic treatment. At time of diagnosis, the vaginal microbiota was dominated by Lactobacillus...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Tamarelle, Jeanne, Ma, Bing, Gajer, Pawel, Humphrys, Mike S, Terplan, Mishka, Mark, Katrina S, Thiébaut, Anne C M, Forney, Larry J, Brotman, Rebecca M, Delarocque-Astagneau, Elisabeth, Bavoil, Patrik M, Ravel, Jacques
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7530545/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31573603
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz499
Descripción
Sumario:We characterized the composition and structure of the vaginal microbiota in a cohort of 149 women with genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection at baseline who were followed quarterly for 9 months after antibiotic treatment. At time of diagnosis, the vaginal microbiota was dominated by Lactobacillus iners or a diverse array of bacterial vaginosis–associated bacteria including Gardnerella vaginalis. Interestingly, L. iners–dominated communities were most common after azithromycin treatment (1 g monodose), consistent with the observed relative resistance of L. iners to azithromycin. Lactobacillus iners–dominated communities have been associated with increased risk of C. trachomatis infection, suggesting that the impact of antibiotic treatment on the vaginal microbiota could favor reinfections. These results provide support for the dual need to account for the potential perturbing effect(s) of antibiotic treatment on the vaginal microbiota, and to develop strategies to protect and restore optimal vaginal microbiota.