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Incorporation of Reversible Electroporation Into Electrolysis Accelerates Apoptosis for Rat Liver Tissue

Tissue electrolysis is an alternative modality that uses a low intensity direct electric current passing through at least 2 electrodes within the tissue and resulting electrochemical products including chlorine and hydrogen. These products induce changes in pH around electrodes and cause dehydration...

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Autores principales: Kim, Hong Bae, Chung, Jong Hoon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7534095/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32985353
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533033820948051
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author Kim, Hong Bae
Chung, Jong Hoon
author_facet Kim, Hong Bae
Chung, Jong Hoon
author_sort Kim, Hong Bae
collection PubMed
description Tissue electrolysis is an alternative modality that uses a low intensity direct electric current passing through at least 2 electrodes within the tissue and resulting electrochemical products including chlorine and hydrogen. These products induce changes in pH around electrodes and cause dehydration resulting from electroosmotic pressure, leading to changes in microenvironment and thus metabolism of the tissues, yielding apoptosis. The procedure requires adequate time for electrochemical reactions to yield products sufficient to induce apoptosis of the tissues. Incorporation of electroporation into electrolysis can decrease the treatment time and enhance the efficiency of electrolytic ablation. Electroporation causes permeabilization in the cell membrane allowing the efflux of potassium ions and extension of the electrochemical area, facilitating the electrolysis process. However, little is known about the combined effects on apoptosis in liver ablation. In this study, we performed an immunohistochemical evaluation of apoptosis for the incorporation of electroporation into electrolysis in liver tissues. To do so, the study was performed with microelectrodes for fixed treatment time while the applied voltage varied to increase the applied total energy for electrolysis. The apoptotic rate for electrolytic ablation increased with enhanced applied energy. The apoptotic rate was 4.31 ± 1.73 times that of control in the synergistic combination compared to 1.49 ± 0.33 times that of the control in electrolytic ablation alone. Additionally, tissue structure was better preserved in synergistic combination ablation compared to electrolysis with an increment of 3.8 mA. Thus, synergistic ablation may accelerate apoptosis and be a promising modality for the treatment of liver tumors.
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spelling pubmed-75340952020-10-14 Incorporation of Reversible Electroporation Into Electrolysis Accelerates Apoptosis for Rat Liver Tissue Kim, Hong Bae Chung, Jong Hoon Technol Cancer Res Treat Original Article Tissue electrolysis is an alternative modality that uses a low intensity direct electric current passing through at least 2 electrodes within the tissue and resulting electrochemical products including chlorine and hydrogen. These products induce changes in pH around electrodes and cause dehydration resulting from electroosmotic pressure, leading to changes in microenvironment and thus metabolism of the tissues, yielding apoptosis. The procedure requires adequate time for electrochemical reactions to yield products sufficient to induce apoptosis of the tissues. Incorporation of electroporation into electrolysis can decrease the treatment time and enhance the efficiency of electrolytic ablation. Electroporation causes permeabilization in the cell membrane allowing the efflux of potassium ions and extension of the electrochemical area, facilitating the electrolysis process. However, little is known about the combined effects on apoptosis in liver ablation. In this study, we performed an immunohistochemical evaluation of apoptosis for the incorporation of electroporation into electrolysis in liver tissues. To do so, the study was performed with microelectrodes for fixed treatment time while the applied voltage varied to increase the applied total energy for electrolysis. The apoptotic rate for electrolytic ablation increased with enhanced applied energy. The apoptotic rate was 4.31 ± 1.73 times that of control in the synergistic combination compared to 1.49 ± 0.33 times that of the control in electrolytic ablation alone. Additionally, tissue structure was better preserved in synergistic combination ablation compared to electrolysis with an increment of 3.8 mA. Thus, synergistic ablation may accelerate apoptosis and be a promising modality for the treatment of liver tumors. SAGE Publications 2020-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7534095/ /pubmed/32985353 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533033820948051 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Original Article
Kim, Hong Bae
Chung, Jong Hoon
Incorporation of Reversible Electroporation Into Electrolysis Accelerates Apoptosis for Rat Liver Tissue
title Incorporation of Reversible Electroporation Into Electrolysis Accelerates Apoptosis for Rat Liver Tissue
title_full Incorporation of Reversible Electroporation Into Electrolysis Accelerates Apoptosis for Rat Liver Tissue
title_fullStr Incorporation of Reversible Electroporation Into Electrolysis Accelerates Apoptosis for Rat Liver Tissue
title_full_unstemmed Incorporation of Reversible Electroporation Into Electrolysis Accelerates Apoptosis for Rat Liver Tissue
title_short Incorporation of Reversible Electroporation Into Electrolysis Accelerates Apoptosis for Rat Liver Tissue
title_sort incorporation of reversible electroporation into electrolysis accelerates apoptosis for rat liver tissue
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7534095/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32985353
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533033820948051
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