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Neighbor danger: Yellow fever virus epizootics in urban and urban-rural transition areas of Minas Gerais state, during 2017-2018 yellow fever outbreaks in Brazil

BACKGROUND: From the end of 2016 until the beginning of 2019, Brazil faced a massive sylvatic yellow fever (YF) outbreak. The 2016–2019 YF epidemics affected densely populated areas, especially the Southeast region, causing thousands of deaths of humans and non-human primates (NHP). METHODOLOGY/PRIN...

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Autores principales: Sacchetto, Lívia, Silva, Natalia Ingrid Oliveira, de Rezende, Izabela Maurício, Arruda, Matheus Soares, Costa, Thais Alkifeles, de Mello, Érica Munhoz, Oliveira, Gabriela Fernanda Garcia, Alves, Pedro Augusto, de Mendonça, Vítor Emídio, Stumpp, Rodolfo German Antonelli Vidal, Prado, Alaine Izabela Alves, Paglia, Adriano Pereira, Perini, Fernando Araújo, Lacerda Nogueira, Maurício, Kroon, Erna Geessien, de Thoisy, Benoit, Trindade, Giliane de Souza, Drumond, Betânia Paiva
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7535057/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33017419
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008658
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author Sacchetto, Lívia
Silva, Natalia Ingrid Oliveira
de Rezende, Izabela Maurício
Arruda, Matheus Soares
Costa, Thais Alkifeles
de Mello, Érica Munhoz
Oliveira, Gabriela Fernanda Garcia
Alves, Pedro Augusto
de Mendonça, Vítor Emídio
Stumpp, Rodolfo German Antonelli Vidal
Prado, Alaine Izabela Alves
Paglia, Adriano Pereira
Perini, Fernando Araújo
Lacerda Nogueira, Maurício
Kroon, Erna Geessien
de Thoisy, Benoit
Trindade, Giliane de Souza
Drumond, Betânia Paiva
author_facet Sacchetto, Lívia
Silva, Natalia Ingrid Oliveira
de Rezende, Izabela Maurício
Arruda, Matheus Soares
Costa, Thais Alkifeles
de Mello, Érica Munhoz
Oliveira, Gabriela Fernanda Garcia
Alves, Pedro Augusto
de Mendonça, Vítor Emídio
Stumpp, Rodolfo German Antonelli Vidal
Prado, Alaine Izabela Alves
Paglia, Adriano Pereira
Perini, Fernando Araújo
Lacerda Nogueira, Maurício
Kroon, Erna Geessien
de Thoisy, Benoit
Trindade, Giliane de Souza
Drumond, Betânia Paiva
author_sort Sacchetto, Lívia
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: From the end of 2016 until the beginning of 2019, Brazil faced a massive sylvatic yellow fever (YF) outbreak. The 2016–2019 YF epidemics affected densely populated areas, especially the Southeast region, causing thousands of deaths of humans and non-human primates (NHP). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted a molecular investigation of yellow fever virus (YFV) RNA in 781 NHP carcasses collected in the urban, urban-rural interface, and rural areas of Minas Gerais state, from January 2017 to December 2018. Samples were analyzed according to the period of sampling, NHP genera, sampling areas, and sampling areas/NHP genera to compare the proportions of YFV-positive carcasses and the estimated YFV genomic loads. YFV infection was confirmed in 38.1% of NHP carcasses (including specimens of the genera Alouatta, Callicebus, Callithrix, and Sapajus), from the urban, urban-rural interface, and rural areas. YFV RNA detection was positively associated with epidemic periods (especially from December to March) and the rural environment. Higher median viral genomic loads (one million times) were estimated in carcasses collected in rural areas compared to urban ones. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The results showed the wide occurrence of YF in Minas Gerais in epidemic and non-epidemic periods. According to the sylvatic pattern of YF, a gradient of viral dissemination from rural towards urban areas was observed. A high YF positivity was observed for NHP carcasses collected in urban areas with a widespread occurrence in 67 municipalities of Minas Gerais, including large urban centers. Although there was no documented case of urban/Aedes YFV transmission to humans in Brazil during the 2016–2019 outbreaks, YFV-infected NHP in urban areas with high infestation by Aedes aegypti poses risks for YFV urban/Aedes transmission and urbanization.
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spelling pubmed-75350572020-10-15 Neighbor danger: Yellow fever virus epizootics in urban and urban-rural transition areas of Minas Gerais state, during 2017-2018 yellow fever outbreaks in Brazil Sacchetto, Lívia Silva, Natalia Ingrid Oliveira de Rezende, Izabela Maurício Arruda, Matheus Soares Costa, Thais Alkifeles de Mello, Érica Munhoz Oliveira, Gabriela Fernanda Garcia Alves, Pedro Augusto de Mendonça, Vítor Emídio Stumpp, Rodolfo German Antonelli Vidal Prado, Alaine Izabela Alves Paglia, Adriano Pereira Perini, Fernando Araújo Lacerda Nogueira, Maurício Kroon, Erna Geessien de Thoisy, Benoit Trindade, Giliane de Souza Drumond, Betânia Paiva PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: From the end of 2016 until the beginning of 2019, Brazil faced a massive sylvatic yellow fever (YF) outbreak. The 2016–2019 YF epidemics affected densely populated areas, especially the Southeast region, causing thousands of deaths of humans and non-human primates (NHP). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted a molecular investigation of yellow fever virus (YFV) RNA in 781 NHP carcasses collected in the urban, urban-rural interface, and rural areas of Minas Gerais state, from January 2017 to December 2018. Samples were analyzed according to the period of sampling, NHP genera, sampling areas, and sampling areas/NHP genera to compare the proportions of YFV-positive carcasses and the estimated YFV genomic loads. YFV infection was confirmed in 38.1% of NHP carcasses (including specimens of the genera Alouatta, Callicebus, Callithrix, and Sapajus), from the urban, urban-rural interface, and rural areas. YFV RNA detection was positively associated with epidemic periods (especially from December to March) and the rural environment. Higher median viral genomic loads (one million times) were estimated in carcasses collected in rural areas compared to urban ones. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The results showed the wide occurrence of YF in Minas Gerais in epidemic and non-epidemic periods. According to the sylvatic pattern of YF, a gradient of viral dissemination from rural towards urban areas was observed. A high YF positivity was observed for NHP carcasses collected in urban areas with a widespread occurrence in 67 municipalities of Minas Gerais, including large urban centers. Although there was no documented case of urban/Aedes YFV transmission to humans in Brazil during the 2016–2019 outbreaks, YFV-infected NHP in urban areas with high infestation by Aedes aegypti poses risks for YFV urban/Aedes transmission and urbanization. Public Library of Science 2020-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7535057/ /pubmed/33017419 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008658 Text en © 2020 Sacchetto et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Sacchetto, Lívia
Silva, Natalia Ingrid Oliveira
de Rezende, Izabela Maurício
Arruda, Matheus Soares
Costa, Thais Alkifeles
de Mello, Érica Munhoz
Oliveira, Gabriela Fernanda Garcia
Alves, Pedro Augusto
de Mendonça, Vítor Emídio
Stumpp, Rodolfo German Antonelli Vidal
Prado, Alaine Izabela Alves
Paglia, Adriano Pereira
Perini, Fernando Araújo
Lacerda Nogueira, Maurício
Kroon, Erna Geessien
de Thoisy, Benoit
Trindade, Giliane de Souza
Drumond, Betânia Paiva
Neighbor danger: Yellow fever virus epizootics in urban and urban-rural transition areas of Minas Gerais state, during 2017-2018 yellow fever outbreaks in Brazil
title Neighbor danger: Yellow fever virus epizootics in urban and urban-rural transition areas of Minas Gerais state, during 2017-2018 yellow fever outbreaks in Brazil
title_full Neighbor danger: Yellow fever virus epizootics in urban and urban-rural transition areas of Minas Gerais state, during 2017-2018 yellow fever outbreaks in Brazil
title_fullStr Neighbor danger: Yellow fever virus epizootics in urban and urban-rural transition areas of Minas Gerais state, during 2017-2018 yellow fever outbreaks in Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Neighbor danger: Yellow fever virus epizootics in urban and urban-rural transition areas of Minas Gerais state, during 2017-2018 yellow fever outbreaks in Brazil
title_short Neighbor danger: Yellow fever virus epizootics in urban and urban-rural transition areas of Minas Gerais state, during 2017-2018 yellow fever outbreaks in Brazil
title_sort neighbor danger: yellow fever virus epizootics in urban and urban-rural transition areas of minas gerais state, during 2017-2018 yellow fever outbreaks in brazil
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7535057/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33017419
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008658
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