Best diagnostic accuracy of sepsis combining SIRS criteria or qSOFA score with Procalcitonin and Mid-Regional pro-Adrenomedullin outside ICU

Early diagnosis and treatment significantly reduce sepsis mortality. Currently, no gold standard has been yet established to diagnose sepsis outside the ICU. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of sepsis defined by SIRS Criteria of 1991, Second Consensus Conference Criteria of 2001, modified Second Consensus Conference Criteria of 2001 (obtaining SIRS Criteria and SOFA score), Third Consensus Conference of 2016, in addition to the dosage of Procalcitonin (PCT) and MR-pro-Adrenomedullin (MR-proADM). In this prospective study, 209 consecutive patients with clinical diagnosis of sepsis were enrolled (May 2014–June 2018) outside intensive care unit (ICU) setting. A diagnostic protocol could include SIRS criteria or qSOFA score evaluation, rapid testing of PCT and MR-proADM, and SOFA score calculation for organ failure definition. Using this approach outside the ICU, a rapid diagnostic and prognostic evaluation could be achieved, also in the case of negative SIRS, qSOFA or SOFA scores with high post-test probability to reduce mortality and improve outcomes.