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Global Warming Threshold and Mechanisms for Accelerated Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Loss
The Community Earth System Model version 2.1 (CESM2.1) is used to investigate the evolution of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) surface mass balance (SMB) under an idealized CO(2) forcing scenario of 1% increase until stabilization at 4× pre‐industrial at model year 140. In this simulation, the SMB ca...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7540049/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33042389 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019MS002029 |
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author | Sellevold, Raymond Vizcaíno, Miren |
author_facet | Sellevold, Raymond Vizcaíno, Miren |
author_sort | Sellevold, Raymond |
collection | PubMed |
description | The Community Earth System Model version 2.1 (CESM2.1) is used to investigate the evolution of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) surface mass balance (SMB) under an idealized CO(2) forcing scenario of 1% increase until stabilization at 4× pre‐industrial at model year 140. In this simulation, the SMB calculation is coupled with the atmospheric model, using a physically based surface energy balance scheme for melt, explicit calculation of snow albedo, and a realistic treatment of polar snow and firn compaction. By the end of the simulation (years 131–150), the SMB decreases with 994 Gt yr(−1) with respect to the pre‐industrial SMB, which represents a sea‐level rise contribution of 2.8 mm yr(−1). For a threshold of 2.7‐K global temperature increase with respect to pre‐industrial, the rate of expansion of the ablation area increases, the mass loss accelerates due to loss of refreezing capacity and accelerated melt, and the SMB becomes negative 6 years later. Before acceleration, longwave radiation is the most important contributor to increasing energy for melt. After acceleration, the large expansion of the ablation area strongly reduces surface albedo. This and much increased turbulent heat fluxes as the GrIS‐integrated summer surface temperature approaches melt point become the major sources of energy for melt. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7540049 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75400492020-10-09 Global Warming Threshold and Mechanisms for Accelerated Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Loss Sellevold, Raymond Vizcaíno, Miren J Adv Model Earth Syst Research Articles The Community Earth System Model version 2.1 (CESM2.1) is used to investigate the evolution of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) surface mass balance (SMB) under an idealized CO(2) forcing scenario of 1% increase until stabilization at 4× pre‐industrial at model year 140. In this simulation, the SMB calculation is coupled with the atmospheric model, using a physically based surface energy balance scheme for melt, explicit calculation of snow albedo, and a realistic treatment of polar snow and firn compaction. By the end of the simulation (years 131–150), the SMB decreases with 994 Gt yr(−1) with respect to the pre‐industrial SMB, which represents a sea‐level rise contribution of 2.8 mm yr(−1). For a threshold of 2.7‐K global temperature increase with respect to pre‐industrial, the rate of expansion of the ablation area increases, the mass loss accelerates due to loss of refreezing capacity and accelerated melt, and the SMB becomes negative 6 years later. Before acceleration, longwave radiation is the most important contributor to increasing energy for melt. After acceleration, the large expansion of the ablation area strongly reduces surface albedo. This and much increased turbulent heat fluxes as the GrIS‐integrated summer surface temperature approaches melt point become the major sources of energy for melt. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-09-09 2020-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7540049/ /pubmed/33042389 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019MS002029 Text en ©2020. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Sellevold, Raymond Vizcaíno, Miren Global Warming Threshold and Mechanisms for Accelerated Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Loss |
title | Global Warming Threshold and Mechanisms for Accelerated Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Loss |
title_full | Global Warming Threshold and Mechanisms for Accelerated Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Loss |
title_fullStr | Global Warming Threshold and Mechanisms for Accelerated Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Loss |
title_full_unstemmed | Global Warming Threshold and Mechanisms for Accelerated Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Loss |
title_short | Global Warming Threshold and Mechanisms for Accelerated Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Mass Loss |
title_sort | global warming threshold and mechanisms for accelerated greenland ice sheet surface mass loss |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7540049/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33042389 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019MS002029 |
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