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Disease in a Debt Crisis: Financing Global Health, Development and AIDS between WHO and World Bank, 1978–87

This article examines how international organisations with mandates in health and development interpret global economic crises and respond to disease. It contributes the perspective of World Bank to emerging scholarship on the various factors leading to the decline of the World Health Organization (...

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Autor principal: Kanazawa, Reiko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7540255/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2020.17
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author Kanazawa, Reiko
author_facet Kanazawa, Reiko
author_sort Kanazawa, Reiko
collection PubMed
description This article examines how international organisations with mandates in health and development interpret global economic crises and respond to disease. It contributes the perspective of World Bank to emerging scholarship on the various factors leading to the decline of the World Health Organization (WHO) and its Health for All (HFA) mission during structural adjustment. It does so by telling a story of collaboration and conflict between WHO and World Bank’s Population, Health and Nutrition (PHN) Department following the ambitious Alma Ata Declaration in 1978 until the initial global AIDS response. As debt crises emerged in Latin America in the early 1980s, WHO tried to find a way forward for HFA. However, the African crisis of 1985 fractured the international community’s support, causing WHO and PHN to dialogue more closely regarding health sector financing. As AIDS became a global crisis, this culminated in their 1987 joint research on the disease’s macroeconomic and demographic impact. However, observing WHO’s continued hesitance regarding financing and its decision to act as a donor gatekeeper, the Bank ultimately opted to work separately in AIDS. Thus, the themes of the Alma Ata versus Selective Primary Health Care debate of the late 1970s continued throughout the 1980s into the early years of the global AIDS response: a perennial conflict of financing within resource constraints and the appropriate role of donors in the grand project of health and development.
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spelling pubmed-75402552020-10-15 Disease in a Debt Crisis: Financing Global Health, Development and AIDS between WHO and World Bank, 1978–87 Kanazawa, Reiko Med Hist Articles This article examines how international organisations with mandates in health and development interpret global economic crises and respond to disease. It contributes the perspective of World Bank to emerging scholarship on the various factors leading to the decline of the World Health Organization (WHO) and its Health for All (HFA) mission during structural adjustment. It does so by telling a story of collaboration and conflict between WHO and World Bank’s Population, Health and Nutrition (PHN) Department following the ambitious Alma Ata Declaration in 1978 until the initial global AIDS response. As debt crises emerged in Latin America in the early 1980s, WHO tried to find a way forward for HFA. However, the African crisis of 1985 fractured the international community’s support, causing WHO and PHN to dialogue more closely regarding health sector financing. As AIDS became a global crisis, this culminated in their 1987 joint research on the disease’s macroeconomic and demographic impact. However, observing WHO’s continued hesitance regarding financing and its decision to act as a donor gatekeeper, the Bank ultimately opted to work separately in AIDS. Thus, the themes of the Alma Ata versus Selective Primary Health Care debate of the late 1970s continued throughout the 1980s into the early years of the global AIDS response: a perennial conflict of financing within resource constraints and the appropriate role of donors in the grand project of health and development. Cambridge University Press 2020-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7540255/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2020.17 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Articles
Kanazawa, Reiko
Disease in a Debt Crisis: Financing Global Health, Development and AIDS between WHO and World Bank, 1978–87
title Disease in a Debt Crisis: Financing Global Health, Development and AIDS between WHO and World Bank, 1978–87
title_full Disease in a Debt Crisis: Financing Global Health, Development and AIDS between WHO and World Bank, 1978–87
title_fullStr Disease in a Debt Crisis: Financing Global Health, Development and AIDS between WHO and World Bank, 1978–87
title_full_unstemmed Disease in a Debt Crisis: Financing Global Health, Development and AIDS between WHO and World Bank, 1978–87
title_short Disease in a Debt Crisis: Financing Global Health, Development and AIDS between WHO and World Bank, 1978–87
title_sort disease in a debt crisis: financing global health, development and aids between who and world bank, 1978–87
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7540255/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2020.17
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