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Complement-Mediated Microglial Phagocytosis and Pathological Changes in the Development and Degeneration of the Visual System

The focus of this review is the role of complement-mediated phagocytosis in retinal and neurological diseases affecting the visual system. Complement activation products opsonize synaptic material on neurons for phagocytic removal, which is a normal physiological process during development, but a pa...

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Autores principales: Borucki, Davis M., Toutonji, Amer, Couch, Christine, Mallah, Khalil, Rohrer, Baerbel, Tomlinson, Stephen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7541817/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33072106
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.566892
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author Borucki, Davis M.
Toutonji, Amer
Couch, Christine
Mallah, Khalil
Rohrer, Baerbel
Tomlinson, Stephen
author_facet Borucki, Davis M.
Toutonji, Amer
Couch, Christine
Mallah, Khalil
Rohrer, Baerbel
Tomlinson, Stephen
author_sort Borucki, Davis M.
collection PubMed
description The focus of this review is the role of complement-mediated phagocytosis in retinal and neurological diseases affecting the visual system. Complement activation products opsonize synaptic material on neurons for phagocytic removal, which is a normal physiological process during development, but a pathological process in several neurodegenerative diseases and conditions. We discuss the role of complement in the refinement and elimination of synapses in the retina and lateral geniculate nucleus, both during development and in disease states. How complement and aberrant phagocytosis promotes injury to the visual system is discussed primarily in the context of multiple sclerosis, where it has been extensively studied, although the role of complement in visual dysfunction in other diseases such as stroke and traumatic brain injury is also highlighted. Retinal diseases are also covered, with a focus on glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. Finally, we discuss the potential of complement inhibitory strategies to treat diseases affecting the visual system.
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spelling pubmed-75418172020-10-17 Complement-Mediated Microglial Phagocytosis and Pathological Changes in the Development and Degeneration of the Visual System Borucki, Davis M. Toutonji, Amer Couch, Christine Mallah, Khalil Rohrer, Baerbel Tomlinson, Stephen Front Immunol Immunology The focus of this review is the role of complement-mediated phagocytosis in retinal and neurological diseases affecting the visual system. Complement activation products opsonize synaptic material on neurons for phagocytic removal, which is a normal physiological process during development, but a pathological process in several neurodegenerative diseases and conditions. We discuss the role of complement in the refinement and elimination of synapses in the retina and lateral geniculate nucleus, both during development and in disease states. How complement and aberrant phagocytosis promotes injury to the visual system is discussed primarily in the context of multiple sclerosis, where it has been extensively studied, although the role of complement in visual dysfunction in other diseases such as stroke and traumatic brain injury is also highlighted. Retinal diseases are also covered, with a focus on glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. Finally, we discuss the potential of complement inhibitory strategies to treat diseases affecting the visual system. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7541817/ /pubmed/33072106 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.566892 Text en Copyright © 2020 Borucki, Toutonji, Couch, Mallah, Rohrer and Tomlinson. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Borucki, Davis M.
Toutonji, Amer
Couch, Christine
Mallah, Khalil
Rohrer, Baerbel
Tomlinson, Stephen
Complement-Mediated Microglial Phagocytosis and Pathological Changes in the Development and Degeneration of the Visual System
title Complement-Mediated Microglial Phagocytosis and Pathological Changes in the Development and Degeneration of the Visual System
title_full Complement-Mediated Microglial Phagocytosis and Pathological Changes in the Development and Degeneration of the Visual System
title_fullStr Complement-Mediated Microglial Phagocytosis and Pathological Changes in the Development and Degeneration of the Visual System
title_full_unstemmed Complement-Mediated Microglial Phagocytosis and Pathological Changes in the Development and Degeneration of the Visual System
title_short Complement-Mediated Microglial Phagocytosis and Pathological Changes in the Development and Degeneration of the Visual System
title_sort complement-mediated microglial phagocytosis and pathological changes in the development and degeneration of the visual system
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7541817/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33072106
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.566892
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