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Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan as retrograde smear layer removing agents

BACKGROUND: The smear layer acts as a physical barrier against penetration of root canal medicaments and sealers, thus compromising the seal leading to microleakage. OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 0.2% chitosan solution, a...

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Autores principales: Penumaka, Ramesh, Konagala, Ravi Kumar, Shaik, Jaheer, Ram Sunil, C. H., Reddy, Pramod L., Kiran Naik, Madhu K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7542078/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33088068
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JCD.JCD_50_20
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author Penumaka, Ramesh
Konagala, Ravi Kumar
Shaik, Jaheer
Ram Sunil, C. H.
Reddy, Pramod L.
Kiran Naik, Madhu K.
author_facet Penumaka, Ramesh
Konagala, Ravi Kumar
Shaik, Jaheer
Ram Sunil, C. H.
Reddy, Pramod L.
Kiran Naik, Madhu K.
author_sort Penumaka, Ramesh
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The smear layer acts as a physical barrier against penetration of root canal medicaments and sealers, thus compromising the seal leading to microleakage. OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 0.2% chitosan solution, and 0.2% carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) used as smear layer removing agents in retrograde root canal preparation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: Eighty single-rooted teeth extracted for periodontal reasons were collected for the study. Root canals were prepared and obturated with gutta-percha coated with AH plus resin sealer. Apical 3 mm of each root resected and Class I retrograde preparation carried out using ultrasonic handpiece and ultrasonic retro tips to a depth of 3 mm along the root long axis. In Group 1 (control), normal saline solution alone was used for smear layer removal. In Group II, 17% EDTA, Group III and IV were treated with 5 ml of 0.2% chitosan and 0.2% carboxyl methyl chitosan, respectively, for 3 min. Blinded evaluation of specimens using SEM was performed independently by two operators who registered the amount of the smear layer present on the surface of the canal walls based on the score described by Hülsmann et al. RESULTS: Group I (saline) was least efficient in the removal of the smear layer. Group II (17% EDTA), Group III (0.2% Chitosan), and Group IV (0.2% CMC) efficiently removed the smear layer from the retrograde cavity with mean scores 1.35, 1.60, and 1.35, respectively. Statistically, no significant difference found in Group II (17% EDTA), Group III (0.2% Chitosan), and Group IV (0.2% CMC). CONCLUSIONS: About 0.2% CMC and 0.2% chitosan can be better alternatives to 17% EDTA for smear layer removal due to their biological advantages.
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spelling pubmed-75420782020-10-20 Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan as retrograde smear layer removing agents Penumaka, Ramesh Konagala, Ravi Kumar Shaik, Jaheer Ram Sunil, C. H. Reddy, Pramod L. Kiran Naik, Madhu K. J Conserv Dent Original Article BACKGROUND: The smear layer acts as a physical barrier against penetration of root canal medicaments and sealers, thus compromising the seal leading to microleakage. OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 0.2% chitosan solution, and 0.2% carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) used as smear layer removing agents in retrograde root canal preparation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: Eighty single-rooted teeth extracted for periodontal reasons were collected for the study. Root canals were prepared and obturated with gutta-percha coated with AH plus resin sealer. Apical 3 mm of each root resected and Class I retrograde preparation carried out using ultrasonic handpiece and ultrasonic retro tips to a depth of 3 mm along the root long axis. In Group 1 (control), normal saline solution alone was used for smear layer removal. In Group II, 17% EDTA, Group III and IV were treated with 5 ml of 0.2% chitosan and 0.2% carboxyl methyl chitosan, respectively, for 3 min. Blinded evaluation of specimens using SEM was performed independently by two operators who registered the amount of the smear layer present on the surface of the canal walls based on the score described by Hülsmann et al. RESULTS: Group I (saline) was least efficient in the removal of the smear layer. Group II (17% EDTA), Group III (0.2% Chitosan), and Group IV (0.2% CMC) efficiently removed the smear layer from the retrograde cavity with mean scores 1.35, 1.60, and 1.35, respectively. Statistically, no significant difference found in Group II (17% EDTA), Group III (0.2% Chitosan), and Group IV (0.2% CMC). CONCLUSIONS: About 0.2% CMC and 0.2% chitosan can be better alternatives to 17% EDTA for smear layer removal due to their biological advantages. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2019 2020-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7542078/ /pubmed/33088068 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JCD.JCD_50_20 Text en Copyright: © 2020 Journal of Conservative Dentistry http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Original Article
Penumaka, Ramesh
Konagala, Ravi Kumar
Shaik, Jaheer
Ram Sunil, C. H.
Reddy, Pramod L.
Kiran Naik, Madhu K.
Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan as retrograde smear layer removing agents
title Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan as retrograde smear layer removing agents
title_full Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan as retrograde smear layer removing agents
title_fullStr Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan as retrograde smear layer removing agents
title_full_unstemmed Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan as retrograde smear layer removing agents
title_short Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan as retrograde smear layer removing agents
title_sort scanning electron microscopy evaluation of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan as retrograde smear layer removing agents
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7542078/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33088068
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JCD.JCD_50_20
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