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Complementary mesoscale dynamics of spectrin and acto-myosin shape membrane territories during mechanoresponse

The spectrin-based membrane skeleton is a major component of the cell cortex. While expressed by all metazoans, its dynamic interactions with the other cortex components, including the plasma membrane or the acto-myosin cytoskeleton, are poorly understood. Here, we investigate how spectrin re-organi...

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Autores principales: Ghisleni, Andrea, Galli, Camilla, Monzo, Pascale, Ascione, Flora, Fardin, Marc-Antoine, Scita, Giorgio, Li, Qingsen, Maiuri, Paolo, Gauthier, Nils C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7547731/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33037189
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18825-7
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author Ghisleni, Andrea
Galli, Camilla
Monzo, Pascale
Ascione, Flora
Fardin, Marc-Antoine
Scita, Giorgio
Li, Qingsen
Maiuri, Paolo
Gauthier, Nils C.
author_facet Ghisleni, Andrea
Galli, Camilla
Monzo, Pascale
Ascione, Flora
Fardin, Marc-Antoine
Scita, Giorgio
Li, Qingsen
Maiuri, Paolo
Gauthier, Nils C.
author_sort Ghisleni, Andrea
collection PubMed
description The spectrin-based membrane skeleton is a major component of the cell cortex. While expressed by all metazoans, its dynamic interactions with the other cortex components, including the plasma membrane or the acto-myosin cytoskeleton, are poorly understood. Here, we investigate how spectrin re-organizes spatially and dynamically under the membrane during changes in cell mechanics. We find spectrin and acto-myosin to be spatially distinct but cooperating during mechanical challenges, such as cell adhesion and contraction, or compression, stretch and osmolarity fluctuations, creating a cohesive cortex supporting the plasma membrane. Actin territories control protrusions and contractile structures while spectrin territories concentrate in retractile zones and low-actin density/inter-contractile regions, acting as a fence that organize membrane trafficking events. We unveil here the existence of a dynamic interplay between acto-myosin and spectrin necessary to support a mesoscale organization of the lipid bilayer into spatially-confined cortical territories during cell mechanoresponse.
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spelling pubmed-75477312020-10-19 Complementary mesoscale dynamics of spectrin and acto-myosin shape membrane territories during mechanoresponse Ghisleni, Andrea Galli, Camilla Monzo, Pascale Ascione, Flora Fardin, Marc-Antoine Scita, Giorgio Li, Qingsen Maiuri, Paolo Gauthier, Nils C. Nat Commun Article The spectrin-based membrane skeleton is a major component of the cell cortex. While expressed by all metazoans, its dynamic interactions with the other cortex components, including the plasma membrane or the acto-myosin cytoskeleton, are poorly understood. Here, we investigate how spectrin re-organizes spatially and dynamically under the membrane during changes in cell mechanics. We find spectrin and acto-myosin to be spatially distinct but cooperating during mechanical challenges, such as cell adhesion and contraction, or compression, stretch and osmolarity fluctuations, creating a cohesive cortex supporting the plasma membrane. Actin territories control protrusions and contractile structures while spectrin territories concentrate in retractile zones and low-actin density/inter-contractile regions, acting as a fence that organize membrane trafficking events. We unveil here the existence of a dynamic interplay between acto-myosin and spectrin necessary to support a mesoscale organization of the lipid bilayer into spatially-confined cortical territories during cell mechanoresponse. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7547731/ /pubmed/33037189 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18825-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Ghisleni, Andrea
Galli, Camilla
Monzo, Pascale
Ascione, Flora
Fardin, Marc-Antoine
Scita, Giorgio
Li, Qingsen
Maiuri, Paolo
Gauthier, Nils C.
Complementary mesoscale dynamics of spectrin and acto-myosin shape membrane territories during mechanoresponse
title Complementary mesoscale dynamics of spectrin and acto-myosin shape membrane territories during mechanoresponse
title_full Complementary mesoscale dynamics of spectrin and acto-myosin shape membrane territories during mechanoresponse
title_fullStr Complementary mesoscale dynamics of spectrin and acto-myosin shape membrane territories during mechanoresponse
title_full_unstemmed Complementary mesoscale dynamics of spectrin and acto-myosin shape membrane territories during mechanoresponse
title_short Complementary mesoscale dynamics of spectrin and acto-myosin shape membrane territories during mechanoresponse
title_sort complementary mesoscale dynamics of spectrin and acto-myosin shape membrane territories during mechanoresponse
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7547731/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33037189
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18825-7
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