＜Editors’ Choice＞ Impact of maintenance of postoperative performance status on survival in elderly patients over 70 with high-grade astrocytoma

This study aimed to identify the elderly generation with the worst prognoses for high-grade astrocytoma and find independent predictors of good outcomes. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 91 patients, ≥65 years old, with anaplastic astrocytoma or glioblastoma. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using log-rank test or multivariate Cox regression analysis. We included 21 (23%) and 70 (77%) patients aged 65–69 years and ≥70 years. In the two generations, significant differences were found in the Charlson comorbidity index, extent of resection, chemoradiotherapy (CRT) as adjuvant therapy, and radiation dose (all P < 0.05). The median PFS was 9.9 and 6.9 months in patients aged 65–69 and ≥70 years (P = 0.10). The median OS was 22.8 and 11.6 months in patients aged 65–69 and ≥70 years (P = 0.009). In the multivariate analyzes in patients ≥70 years, only postoperative Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores ≥70 were significantly related to prolonged PFS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.48, P = 0.04), and postoperative KPS, CRT as adjuvant therapy, and salvage therapy were significantly related to prolonged OS (HR: 0.45, P = 0.03, HR: 0.38, P = 0.002, and HR: 0.43, P = 0.01, respectively). In conclusion, in patients ≥70 with high-grade astrocytoma, OS was significantly shorter compared to those aged 65–69. Postoperative KPS score was significantly related to prolonged PFS and OS. Postoperative CRT and salvage therapy at recurrence may be effective in the selected elderly.