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Characterization of total adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) and its isoenzymes in saliva and serum in health and inflammatory conditions in four different species: an analytical and clinical validation pilot study

BACKGROUND: Measurement of adenosine deaminase (ADA) can provide information about cell-mediated immunity. This report’s objective was to study the enzymatic activity of total ADA (tADA) and its isoenzymes ADA1 and ADA2 in canine, equine, porcine, and bovine serum and saliva and their changes in dif...

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Autores principales: Contreras-Aguilar, María Dolores, Tvarijonaviciute, Asta, Monkeviciene, Ingrida, Martín-Cuervo, María, González-Arostegui, Luis Guillermo, Franco-Martínez, Lorena, Cerón, José Joaquín, Tecles, Fernando, Escribano, Damián
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7549231/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33046093
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-020-02574-2
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author Contreras-Aguilar, María Dolores
Tvarijonaviciute, Asta
Monkeviciene, Ingrida
Martín-Cuervo, María
González-Arostegui, Luis Guillermo
Franco-Martínez, Lorena
Cerón, José Joaquín
Tecles, Fernando
Escribano, Damián
author_facet Contreras-Aguilar, María Dolores
Tvarijonaviciute, Asta
Monkeviciene, Ingrida
Martín-Cuervo, María
González-Arostegui, Luis Guillermo
Franco-Martínez, Lorena
Cerón, José Joaquín
Tecles, Fernando
Escribano, Damián
author_sort Contreras-Aguilar, María Dolores
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Measurement of adenosine deaminase (ADA) can provide information about cell-mediated immunity. This report’s objective was to study the enzymatic activity of total ADA (tADA) and its isoenzymes ADA1 and ADA2 in canine, equine, porcine, and bovine serum and saliva and their changes in different inflammatory situations in each species. Besides, an automated method for ADA2 measurement was developed and validated. RESULTS: tADA was present in serum and saliva of healthy animals of the four species. Erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl) adenine (EHNA) concentration of 0.47 mM was needed for ADA1 inhibition in canine and porcine samples (serum and saliva) and bovine saliva, whereas for equine saliva 0.94 mM was needed. ADA2 activity was not detected in bovine serum and was very low or absent in equine serum and bovine saliva. An automated procedure to measure ADA2 consisting of adding EHNA to a commercial reagent for tADA measurement provided repetitive (coefficients of variation < 8.8% in serum and < 10% in saliva) and accurate (linearity of serial sample dilutions with R(2) > 0.90) results, being equivalent to a manual incubation of the sample with EHNA at a similar concentration. Salivary tADA, as well as ADA1 and ADA2, were higher in dogs with leishmaniosis, horses with acute abdominal disease and pigs with lameness than in healthy animals. tADA and isoenzymes in saliva showed a positive significant correlation with serum ferritin in dogs (r = 0.602, P < 0.01; r = 0.555, P < 0.05; and r = 0.632, P < 0.01; respectively for tADA, ADA1 and ADA2) and serum C-reactive protein in pigs (r = 0.700, P < 0.01, for both tADA and ADA1; r = 0.770, P < 0.001, for ADA2), whereas salivary ADA2 significantly correlated with serum amyloid A in horses (r = 0.649, P < 0.01). In cows, salivary tADA and ADA1 significantly increased after calving, correlating with total white blood cell count (r = 0.487, P < 0.05, for both tADA and ADA1). CONCLUSIONS: The activity of total ADA and its different isoenzymes, can be measured in serum and saliva of dogs, horses, pigs and cows by a simple and fast procedure described in this report. When measured in saliva, these analytes correlated with other biomarkers of inflammation and it could potentially be used as a biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation in the species of this study.
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spelling pubmed-75492312020-10-13 Characterization of total adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) and its isoenzymes in saliva and serum in health and inflammatory conditions in four different species: an analytical and clinical validation pilot study Contreras-Aguilar, María Dolores Tvarijonaviciute, Asta Monkeviciene, Ingrida Martín-Cuervo, María González-Arostegui, Luis Guillermo Franco-Martínez, Lorena Cerón, José Joaquín Tecles, Fernando Escribano, Damián BMC Vet Res Research Article BACKGROUND: Measurement of adenosine deaminase (ADA) can provide information about cell-mediated immunity. This report’s objective was to study the enzymatic activity of total ADA (tADA) and its isoenzymes ADA1 and ADA2 in canine, equine, porcine, and bovine serum and saliva and their changes in different inflammatory situations in each species. Besides, an automated method for ADA2 measurement was developed and validated. RESULTS: tADA was present in serum and saliva of healthy animals of the four species. Erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl) adenine (EHNA) concentration of 0.47 mM was needed for ADA1 inhibition in canine and porcine samples (serum and saliva) and bovine saliva, whereas for equine saliva 0.94 mM was needed. ADA2 activity was not detected in bovine serum and was very low or absent in equine serum and bovine saliva. An automated procedure to measure ADA2 consisting of adding EHNA to a commercial reagent for tADA measurement provided repetitive (coefficients of variation < 8.8% in serum and < 10% in saliva) and accurate (linearity of serial sample dilutions with R(2) > 0.90) results, being equivalent to a manual incubation of the sample with EHNA at a similar concentration. Salivary tADA, as well as ADA1 and ADA2, were higher in dogs with leishmaniosis, horses with acute abdominal disease and pigs with lameness than in healthy animals. tADA and isoenzymes in saliva showed a positive significant correlation with serum ferritin in dogs (r = 0.602, P < 0.01; r = 0.555, P < 0.05; and r = 0.632, P < 0.01; respectively for tADA, ADA1 and ADA2) and serum C-reactive protein in pigs (r = 0.700, P < 0.01, for both tADA and ADA1; r = 0.770, P < 0.001, for ADA2), whereas salivary ADA2 significantly correlated with serum amyloid A in horses (r = 0.649, P < 0.01). In cows, salivary tADA and ADA1 significantly increased after calving, correlating with total white blood cell count (r = 0.487, P < 0.05, for both tADA and ADA1). CONCLUSIONS: The activity of total ADA and its different isoenzymes, can be measured in serum and saliva of dogs, horses, pigs and cows by a simple and fast procedure described in this report. When measured in saliva, these analytes correlated with other biomarkers of inflammation and it could potentially be used as a biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation in the species of this study. BioMed Central 2020-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7549231/ /pubmed/33046093 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-020-02574-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Contreras-Aguilar, María Dolores
Tvarijonaviciute, Asta
Monkeviciene, Ingrida
Martín-Cuervo, María
González-Arostegui, Luis Guillermo
Franco-Martínez, Lorena
Cerón, José Joaquín
Tecles, Fernando
Escribano, Damián
Characterization of total adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) and its isoenzymes in saliva and serum in health and inflammatory conditions in four different species: an analytical and clinical validation pilot study
title Characterization of total adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) and its isoenzymes in saliva and serum in health and inflammatory conditions in four different species: an analytical and clinical validation pilot study
title_full Characterization of total adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) and its isoenzymes in saliva and serum in health and inflammatory conditions in four different species: an analytical and clinical validation pilot study
title_fullStr Characterization of total adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) and its isoenzymes in saliva and serum in health and inflammatory conditions in four different species: an analytical and clinical validation pilot study
title_full_unstemmed Characterization of total adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) and its isoenzymes in saliva and serum in health and inflammatory conditions in four different species: an analytical and clinical validation pilot study
title_short Characterization of total adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) and its isoenzymes in saliva and serum in health and inflammatory conditions in four different species: an analytical and clinical validation pilot study
title_sort characterization of total adenosine deaminase activity (ada) and its isoenzymes in saliva and serum in health and inflammatory conditions in four different species: an analytical and clinical validation pilot study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7549231/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33046093
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-020-02574-2
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