Cargando…

Skipping Breakfast for 6 Days Delayed the Circadian Rhythm of the Body Temperature without Altering Clock Gene Expression in Human Leukocytes

Breakfast is often described as “the most important meal of the day” and human studies have revealed that post-prandial responses are dependent on meal timing, but little is known of the effects of meal timing per se on human circadian rhythms. We evaluated the effects of skipping breakfast for 6 da...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ogata, Hitomi, Horie, Masaki, Kayaba, Momoko, Tanaka, Yoshiaki, Ando, Akira, Park, Insung, Zhang, Simeng, Yajima, Katsuhiko, Shoda, Jun-ichi, Omi, Naomi, Kaneko, Miki, Kiyono, Ken, Satoh, Makoto, Tokuyama, Kumpei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7551061/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32932677
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092797
_version_ 1783593100059344896
author Ogata, Hitomi
Horie, Masaki
Kayaba, Momoko
Tanaka, Yoshiaki
Ando, Akira
Park, Insung
Zhang, Simeng
Yajima, Katsuhiko
Shoda, Jun-ichi
Omi, Naomi
Kaneko, Miki
Kiyono, Ken
Satoh, Makoto
Tokuyama, Kumpei
author_facet Ogata, Hitomi
Horie, Masaki
Kayaba, Momoko
Tanaka, Yoshiaki
Ando, Akira
Park, Insung
Zhang, Simeng
Yajima, Katsuhiko
Shoda, Jun-ichi
Omi, Naomi
Kaneko, Miki
Kiyono, Ken
Satoh, Makoto
Tokuyama, Kumpei
author_sort Ogata, Hitomi
collection PubMed
description Breakfast is often described as “the most important meal of the day” and human studies have revealed that post-prandial responses are dependent on meal timing, but little is known of the effects of meal timing per se on human circadian rhythms. We evaluated the effects of skipping breakfast for 6 days on core body temperature, dim light melatonin onset, heart rate variability, and clock gene expression in 10 healthy young men, with a repeated-measures design. Subjects were provided an isocaloric diet three times daily (3M) or two times daily (2M, i.e., breakfast skipping condition) over 6 days. Compared with the 3M condition, the diurnal rhythm of the core body temperature in the 2M condition was delayed by 42.0 ± 16.2 min (p = 0.038). On the other hand, dim light melatonin onset, heart rate variability, and clock gene expression were not affected in the 2M condition. Skipping breakfast for 6 days caused a phase delay in the core body temperature in healthy young men, even though the sleep–wake cycle remained unchanged. Chronic effects of skipping breakfast on circadian rhythms remain to be studied.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7551061
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-75510612020-10-16 Skipping Breakfast for 6 Days Delayed the Circadian Rhythm of the Body Temperature without Altering Clock Gene Expression in Human Leukocytes Ogata, Hitomi Horie, Masaki Kayaba, Momoko Tanaka, Yoshiaki Ando, Akira Park, Insung Zhang, Simeng Yajima, Katsuhiko Shoda, Jun-ichi Omi, Naomi Kaneko, Miki Kiyono, Ken Satoh, Makoto Tokuyama, Kumpei Nutrients Article Breakfast is often described as “the most important meal of the day” and human studies have revealed that post-prandial responses are dependent on meal timing, but little is known of the effects of meal timing per se on human circadian rhythms. We evaluated the effects of skipping breakfast for 6 days on core body temperature, dim light melatonin onset, heart rate variability, and clock gene expression in 10 healthy young men, with a repeated-measures design. Subjects were provided an isocaloric diet three times daily (3M) or two times daily (2M, i.e., breakfast skipping condition) over 6 days. Compared with the 3M condition, the diurnal rhythm of the core body temperature in the 2M condition was delayed by 42.0 ± 16.2 min (p = 0.038). On the other hand, dim light melatonin onset, heart rate variability, and clock gene expression were not affected in the 2M condition. Skipping breakfast for 6 days caused a phase delay in the core body temperature in healthy young men, even though the sleep–wake cycle remained unchanged. Chronic effects of skipping breakfast on circadian rhythms remain to be studied. MDPI 2020-09-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7551061/ /pubmed/32932677 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092797 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ogata, Hitomi
Horie, Masaki
Kayaba, Momoko
Tanaka, Yoshiaki
Ando, Akira
Park, Insung
Zhang, Simeng
Yajima, Katsuhiko
Shoda, Jun-ichi
Omi, Naomi
Kaneko, Miki
Kiyono, Ken
Satoh, Makoto
Tokuyama, Kumpei
Skipping Breakfast for 6 Days Delayed the Circadian Rhythm of the Body Temperature without Altering Clock Gene Expression in Human Leukocytes
title Skipping Breakfast for 6 Days Delayed the Circadian Rhythm of the Body Temperature without Altering Clock Gene Expression in Human Leukocytes
title_full Skipping Breakfast for 6 Days Delayed the Circadian Rhythm of the Body Temperature without Altering Clock Gene Expression in Human Leukocytes
title_fullStr Skipping Breakfast for 6 Days Delayed the Circadian Rhythm of the Body Temperature without Altering Clock Gene Expression in Human Leukocytes
title_full_unstemmed Skipping Breakfast for 6 Days Delayed the Circadian Rhythm of the Body Temperature without Altering Clock Gene Expression in Human Leukocytes
title_short Skipping Breakfast for 6 Days Delayed the Circadian Rhythm of the Body Temperature without Altering Clock Gene Expression in Human Leukocytes
title_sort skipping breakfast for 6 days delayed the circadian rhythm of the body temperature without altering clock gene expression in human leukocytes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7551061/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32932677
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092797
work_keys_str_mv AT ogatahitomi skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT horiemasaki skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT kayabamomoko skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT tanakayoshiaki skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT andoakira skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT parkinsung skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT zhangsimeng skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT yajimakatsuhiko skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT shodajunichi skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT ominaomi skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT kanekomiki skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT kiyonoken skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT satohmakoto skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes
AT tokuyamakumpei skippingbreakfastfor6daysdelayedthecircadianrhythmofthebodytemperaturewithoutalteringclockgeneexpressioninhumanleukocytes