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The Emergence of a vv + MDV Can Break through the Protections Provided by the Current Vaccines
Marek’s disease (MD) is an infectious malignant T-cell lymphoma proliferative disease caused by Marek’s disease virus (MDV). In recent years, the emergence of very virulent (vv) and/or very virulent plus (vv +) strains of MDV in the field has been suggested as one of the causes of vaccination failur...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7551601/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32962247 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12091048 |
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author | Shi, Meng-ya Li, Min Wang, Wei-wei Deng, Qiao-mu Li, Qiu-hong Gao, Yan-li Wang, Pei-kun Huang, Teng Wei, Ping |
author_facet | Shi, Meng-ya Li, Min Wang, Wei-wei Deng, Qiao-mu Li, Qiu-hong Gao, Yan-li Wang, Pei-kun Huang, Teng Wei, Ping |
author_sort | Shi, Meng-ya |
collection | PubMed |
description | Marek’s disease (MD) is an infectious malignant T-cell lymphoma proliferative disease caused by Marek’s disease virus (MDV). In recent years, the emergence of very virulent (vv) and/or very virulent plus (vv +) strains of MDV in the field has been suggested as one of the causes of vaccination failure. The pathogenicity of the MDV strain GX18NNM4, isolated from a clinical outbreak in a broiler breeder flock that was vaccinated with CVI988/Rispens, was investigated. In the vaccination-challenge test, GX18NNM4 was able to break through the protections provided by the vaccines CVI988 and 814. It also significantly reduced body weight gain and caused marked gross lesions and a large area of infiltration of neoplastic lymphocyte cells in the heart, liver, pancreas, etc. of the infected birds. In addition, the expressions of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), in the spleens and cecal tonsils (CTs) of the unvaccinated challenged birds were significantly increased compared to those in the vaccinated challenged birds, indicating that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is related to immune evasion mechanisms. The results showed that the GX18NNM4 strain could cause severe immunosuppression and significantly decrease the protections provided by the current commercial vaccines, thus showing GX18NNM4 to be a vv + MDV strain. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7551601 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75516012020-10-14 The Emergence of a vv + MDV Can Break through the Protections Provided by the Current Vaccines Shi, Meng-ya Li, Min Wang, Wei-wei Deng, Qiao-mu Li, Qiu-hong Gao, Yan-li Wang, Pei-kun Huang, Teng Wei, Ping Viruses Brief Report Marek’s disease (MD) is an infectious malignant T-cell lymphoma proliferative disease caused by Marek’s disease virus (MDV). In recent years, the emergence of very virulent (vv) and/or very virulent plus (vv +) strains of MDV in the field has been suggested as one of the causes of vaccination failure. The pathogenicity of the MDV strain GX18NNM4, isolated from a clinical outbreak in a broiler breeder flock that was vaccinated with CVI988/Rispens, was investigated. In the vaccination-challenge test, GX18NNM4 was able to break through the protections provided by the vaccines CVI988 and 814. It also significantly reduced body weight gain and caused marked gross lesions and a large area of infiltration of neoplastic lymphocyte cells in the heart, liver, pancreas, etc. of the infected birds. In addition, the expressions of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), in the spleens and cecal tonsils (CTs) of the unvaccinated challenged birds were significantly increased compared to those in the vaccinated challenged birds, indicating that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is related to immune evasion mechanisms. The results showed that the GX18NNM4 strain could cause severe immunosuppression and significantly decrease the protections provided by the current commercial vaccines, thus showing GX18NNM4 to be a vv + MDV strain. MDPI 2020-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7551601/ /pubmed/32962247 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12091048 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Brief Report Shi, Meng-ya Li, Min Wang, Wei-wei Deng, Qiao-mu Li, Qiu-hong Gao, Yan-li Wang, Pei-kun Huang, Teng Wei, Ping The Emergence of a vv + MDV Can Break through the Protections Provided by the Current Vaccines |
title | The Emergence of a vv + MDV Can Break through the Protections Provided by the Current Vaccines |
title_full | The Emergence of a vv + MDV Can Break through the Protections Provided by the Current Vaccines |
title_fullStr | The Emergence of a vv + MDV Can Break through the Protections Provided by the Current Vaccines |
title_full_unstemmed | The Emergence of a vv + MDV Can Break through the Protections Provided by the Current Vaccines |
title_short | The Emergence of a vv + MDV Can Break through the Protections Provided by the Current Vaccines |
title_sort | emergence of a vv + mdv can break through the protections provided by the current vaccines |
topic | Brief Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7551601/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32962247 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12091048 |
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