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Dietary Complex and Slow Digestive Carbohydrates Prevent Fat Deposits During Catch-Up Growth in Rats

A nutritional growth retardation study, which closely resembles the nutritional observations in children who consumed insufficient total energy to maintain normal growth, was conducted. In this study, a nutritional stress in weanling rats placed on restricted balanced diet for 4 weeks is produced, f...

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Autores principales: Salto, Rafael, Girón, María D, Ortiz-Moral, Carolina, Manzano, Manuel, Vílchez, Jose D, Reche-Perez, Francisco J, Bueno-Vargas, Pilar, Rueda, Ricardo, Lopez-Pedrosa, Jose M
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7551611/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32854204
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092568
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author Salto, Rafael
Girón, María D
Ortiz-Moral, Carolina
Manzano, Manuel
Vílchez, Jose D
Reche-Perez, Francisco J
Bueno-Vargas, Pilar
Rueda, Ricardo
Lopez-Pedrosa, Jose M
author_facet Salto, Rafael
Girón, María D
Ortiz-Moral, Carolina
Manzano, Manuel
Vílchez, Jose D
Reche-Perez, Francisco J
Bueno-Vargas, Pilar
Rueda, Ricardo
Lopez-Pedrosa, Jose M
author_sort Salto, Rafael
collection PubMed
description A nutritional growth retardation study, which closely resembles the nutritional observations in children who consumed insufficient total energy to maintain normal growth, was conducted. In this study, a nutritional stress in weanling rats placed on restricted balanced diet for 4 weeks is produced, followed by a food recovery period of 4 weeks using two enriched diets that differ mainly in the slow (SDC) or fast (RDC) digestibility and complexity of their carbohydrates. After re-feeding with the RDC diet, animals showed the negative effects of an early caloric restriction: an increase in adiposity combined with poorer muscle performance, insulin resistance and, metabolic inflexibility. These effects were avoided by the SDC diet, as was evidenced by a lower adiposity associated with a decrease in fatty acid synthase expression in adipose tissue. The improved muscle performance of the SDC group was based on an increase in myocyte enhancer factor 2D (MEF2D) and creatine kinase as markers of muscle differentiation as well as better insulin sensitivity, enhanced glucose uptake, and increased metabolic flexibility. In the liver, the SDC diet promoted glycogen storage and decreased fatty acid synthesis. Therefore, the SDC diet prevents the catch-up fat phenotype through synergistic metabolic adaptations in adipose tissue, muscle, and liver. These coordinated adaptations lead to better muscle performance and a decrease in the fat/lean ratio in animals, which could prevent long-term negative metabolic alterations such as obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and liver fat deposits later in life.
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spelling pubmed-75516112020-10-14 Dietary Complex and Slow Digestive Carbohydrates Prevent Fat Deposits During Catch-Up Growth in Rats Salto, Rafael Girón, María D Ortiz-Moral, Carolina Manzano, Manuel Vílchez, Jose D Reche-Perez, Francisco J Bueno-Vargas, Pilar Rueda, Ricardo Lopez-Pedrosa, Jose M Nutrients Article A nutritional growth retardation study, which closely resembles the nutritional observations in children who consumed insufficient total energy to maintain normal growth, was conducted. In this study, a nutritional stress in weanling rats placed on restricted balanced diet for 4 weeks is produced, followed by a food recovery period of 4 weeks using two enriched diets that differ mainly in the slow (SDC) or fast (RDC) digestibility and complexity of their carbohydrates. After re-feeding with the RDC diet, animals showed the negative effects of an early caloric restriction: an increase in adiposity combined with poorer muscle performance, insulin resistance and, metabolic inflexibility. These effects were avoided by the SDC diet, as was evidenced by a lower adiposity associated with a decrease in fatty acid synthase expression in adipose tissue. The improved muscle performance of the SDC group was based on an increase in myocyte enhancer factor 2D (MEF2D) and creatine kinase as markers of muscle differentiation as well as better insulin sensitivity, enhanced glucose uptake, and increased metabolic flexibility. In the liver, the SDC diet promoted glycogen storage and decreased fatty acid synthesis. Therefore, the SDC diet prevents the catch-up fat phenotype through synergistic metabolic adaptations in adipose tissue, muscle, and liver. These coordinated adaptations lead to better muscle performance and a decrease in the fat/lean ratio in animals, which could prevent long-term negative metabolic alterations such as obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and liver fat deposits later in life. MDPI 2020-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7551611/ /pubmed/32854204 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092568 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Salto, Rafael
Girón, María D
Ortiz-Moral, Carolina
Manzano, Manuel
Vílchez, Jose D
Reche-Perez, Francisco J
Bueno-Vargas, Pilar
Rueda, Ricardo
Lopez-Pedrosa, Jose M
Dietary Complex and Slow Digestive Carbohydrates Prevent Fat Deposits During Catch-Up Growth in Rats
title Dietary Complex and Slow Digestive Carbohydrates Prevent Fat Deposits During Catch-Up Growth in Rats
title_full Dietary Complex and Slow Digestive Carbohydrates Prevent Fat Deposits During Catch-Up Growth in Rats
title_fullStr Dietary Complex and Slow Digestive Carbohydrates Prevent Fat Deposits During Catch-Up Growth in Rats
title_full_unstemmed Dietary Complex and Slow Digestive Carbohydrates Prevent Fat Deposits During Catch-Up Growth in Rats
title_short Dietary Complex and Slow Digestive Carbohydrates Prevent Fat Deposits During Catch-Up Growth in Rats
title_sort dietary complex and slow digestive carbohydrates prevent fat deposits during catch-up growth in rats
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7551611/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32854204
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092568
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