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Identification and Prevalence of Phascolarctid Gammaherpesvirus Types 1 and 2 in South Australian Koala Populations
To determine Phascolarctid gammaherpesviruses (PhaHV) infection in South Australian koala populations, 80 oropharyngeal swabs from wild-caught and 87 oropharyngeal spleen samples and swabs from euthanased koalas were tested using two specific PCR assays developed to detect PhaHV-1 and PhaHV-2. In wi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7552032/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32867109 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12090948 |
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author | Kasimov, Vasilli Stephenson, Tamsyn Speight, Natasha Chaber, Anne-Lise Boardman, Wayne Easther, Ruby Hemmatzadeh, Farhid |
author_facet | Kasimov, Vasilli Stephenson, Tamsyn Speight, Natasha Chaber, Anne-Lise Boardman, Wayne Easther, Ruby Hemmatzadeh, Farhid |
author_sort | Kasimov, Vasilli |
collection | PubMed |
description | To determine Phascolarctid gammaherpesviruses (PhaHV) infection in South Australian koala populations, 80 oropharyngeal swabs from wild-caught and 87 oropharyngeal spleen samples and swabs from euthanased koalas were tested using two specific PCR assays developed to detect PhaHV-1 and PhaHV-2. In wild-caught koalas, active shedding of PhaHV was determined by positive oropharyngeal samples in 72.5% (58/80) of animals, of which 44.8% (26/58) had PhaHV-1, 20.7% (12/58) PhaHV-2 and 34.5% (20/58) both viral subtypes. In the euthanased koalas, systemic infection was determined by positive PCR in spleen samples and found in 72.4% (63/87) of koalas. Active shedding was determined by positive oropharyngeal results and found in 54.0% (47/87) of koalas. Koalas infected and actively shedding PhaHV-1 alone, PhaHV-2 alone or shedding both viral subtypes were 48.9% (23/47), 14.9% (7/47) and 36.2% (17/47), respectively. Only 45.9% (40/87) were not actively shedding, of which 40.0% (16/40) of these had systemic infections. Both wild-caught and euthanased koalas actively shedding PhaHV-2 were significantly more likely to be actively shedding both viral subtypes. Active shedding of PhaHV-2 had a significant negative correlation with BCS in the euthanased cohort, and active shedding of PhaHV-1 had a significant positive relationship with age in both wild-caught and euthanased cohorts. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7552032 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75520322020-10-14 Identification and Prevalence of Phascolarctid Gammaherpesvirus Types 1 and 2 in South Australian Koala Populations Kasimov, Vasilli Stephenson, Tamsyn Speight, Natasha Chaber, Anne-Lise Boardman, Wayne Easther, Ruby Hemmatzadeh, Farhid Viruses Article To determine Phascolarctid gammaherpesviruses (PhaHV) infection in South Australian koala populations, 80 oropharyngeal swabs from wild-caught and 87 oropharyngeal spleen samples and swabs from euthanased koalas were tested using two specific PCR assays developed to detect PhaHV-1 and PhaHV-2. In wild-caught koalas, active shedding of PhaHV was determined by positive oropharyngeal samples in 72.5% (58/80) of animals, of which 44.8% (26/58) had PhaHV-1, 20.7% (12/58) PhaHV-2 and 34.5% (20/58) both viral subtypes. In the euthanased koalas, systemic infection was determined by positive PCR in spleen samples and found in 72.4% (63/87) of koalas. Active shedding was determined by positive oropharyngeal results and found in 54.0% (47/87) of koalas. Koalas infected and actively shedding PhaHV-1 alone, PhaHV-2 alone or shedding both viral subtypes were 48.9% (23/47), 14.9% (7/47) and 36.2% (17/47), respectively. Only 45.9% (40/87) were not actively shedding, of which 40.0% (16/40) of these had systemic infections. Both wild-caught and euthanased koalas actively shedding PhaHV-2 were significantly more likely to be actively shedding both viral subtypes. Active shedding of PhaHV-2 had a significant negative correlation with BCS in the euthanased cohort, and active shedding of PhaHV-1 had a significant positive relationship with age in both wild-caught and euthanased cohorts. MDPI 2020-08-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7552032/ /pubmed/32867109 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12090948 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kasimov, Vasilli Stephenson, Tamsyn Speight, Natasha Chaber, Anne-Lise Boardman, Wayne Easther, Ruby Hemmatzadeh, Farhid Identification and Prevalence of Phascolarctid Gammaherpesvirus Types 1 and 2 in South Australian Koala Populations |
title | Identification and Prevalence of Phascolarctid Gammaherpesvirus Types 1 and 2 in South Australian Koala Populations |
title_full | Identification and Prevalence of Phascolarctid Gammaherpesvirus Types 1 and 2 in South Australian Koala Populations |
title_fullStr | Identification and Prevalence of Phascolarctid Gammaherpesvirus Types 1 and 2 in South Australian Koala Populations |
title_full_unstemmed | Identification and Prevalence of Phascolarctid Gammaherpesvirus Types 1 and 2 in South Australian Koala Populations |
title_short | Identification and Prevalence of Phascolarctid Gammaherpesvirus Types 1 and 2 in South Australian Koala Populations |
title_sort | identification and prevalence of phascolarctid gammaherpesvirus types 1 and 2 in south australian koala populations |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7552032/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32867109 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12090948 |
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