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Innate Immune DNA Sensing of Flaviviruses
Flaviviruses are arthropod-borne RNA viruses that have been used extensively to study host antiviral responses. Often selected just to represent standard single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses in early studies, the Flavivirus genus over time has taught us how truly unique it is in its remarkable...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7552040/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32899347 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12090979 |
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author | Zhu, Tongtong Fernandez-Sesma, Ana |
author_facet | Zhu, Tongtong Fernandez-Sesma, Ana |
author_sort | Zhu, Tongtong |
collection | PubMed |
description | Flaviviruses are arthropod-borne RNA viruses that have been used extensively to study host antiviral responses. Often selected just to represent standard single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses in early studies, the Flavivirus genus over time has taught us how truly unique it is in its remarkable ability to target not just the RNA sensory pathways but also the cytosolic DNA sensing system for its successful replication inside the host cell. This review summarizes the main developments on the unexpected antagonistic strategies utilized by different flaviviruses, with RNA genomes, against the host cyclic GAMP synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) cytosolic DNA sensing pathway in mammalian systems. On the basis of the recent advancements on this topic, we hypothesize that the mechanisms of viral sensing and innate immunity are much more fluid than what we had anticipated, and both viral and host factors will continue to be found as important factors contributing to the host innate immune system in the future. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7552040 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75520402020-10-14 Innate Immune DNA Sensing of Flaviviruses Zhu, Tongtong Fernandez-Sesma, Ana Viruses Review Flaviviruses are arthropod-borne RNA viruses that have been used extensively to study host antiviral responses. Often selected just to represent standard single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses in early studies, the Flavivirus genus over time has taught us how truly unique it is in its remarkable ability to target not just the RNA sensory pathways but also the cytosolic DNA sensing system for its successful replication inside the host cell. This review summarizes the main developments on the unexpected antagonistic strategies utilized by different flaviviruses, with RNA genomes, against the host cyclic GAMP synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) cytosolic DNA sensing pathway in mammalian systems. On the basis of the recent advancements on this topic, we hypothesize that the mechanisms of viral sensing and innate immunity are much more fluid than what we had anticipated, and both viral and host factors will continue to be found as important factors contributing to the host innate immune system in the future. MDPI 2020-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7552040/ /pubmed/32899347 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12090979 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Zhu, Tongtong Fernandez-Sesma, Ana Innate Immune DNA Sensing of Flaviviruses |
title | Innate Immune DNA Sensing of Flaviviruses |
title_full | Innate Immune DNA Sensing of Flaviviruses |
title_fullStr | Innate Immune DNA Sensing of Flaviviruses |
title_full_unstemmed | Innate Immune DNA Sensing of Flaviviruses |
title_short | Innate Immune DNA Sensing of Flaviviruses |
title_sort | innate immune dna sensing of flaviviruses |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7552040/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32899347 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12090979 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT zhutongtong innateimmunednasensingofflaviviruses AT fernandezsesmaana innateimmunednasensingofflaviviruses |