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Structural Basis of Salicylic Acid Perception by Arabidopsis NPR Proteins

Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant hormone critical for pathogen resistance(1–3). The NPR proteins have been identified as SA receptors(4–10), although how they perceive SA and coordinate hormonal signalling remains elusive. Here we report the mapping of the SA-binding core (SBC) of Arabidopsis thaliana...

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Autores principales: Wang, Wei, Withers, John, Li, Heng, Zwack, Paul J., Rusnac, Domnița-Valeria, Shi, Hui, Liu, Lijing, Yan, Shunping, Hinds, Thomas R., Guttman, Mikelos, Dong, Xinnian, Zheng, Ning
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7554156/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32788727
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2596-y
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author Wang, Wei
Withers, John
Li, Heng
Zwack, Paul J.
Rusnac, Domnița-Valeria
Shi, Hui
Liu, Lijing
Yan, Shunping
Hinds, Thomas R.
Guttman, Mikelos
Dong, Xinnian
Zheng, Ning
author_facet Wang, Wei
Withers, John
Li, Heng
Zwack, Paul J.
Rusnac, Domnița-Valeria
Shi, Hui
Liu, Lijing
Yan, Shunping
Hinds, Thomas R.
Guttman, Mikelos
Dong, Xinnian
Zheng, Ning
author_sort Wang, Wei
collection PubMed
description Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant hormone critical for pathogen resistance(1–3). The NPR proteins have been identified as SA receptors(4–10), although how they perceive SA and coordinate hormonal signalling remains elusive. Here we report the mapping of the SA-binding core (SBC) of Arabidopsis thaliana NPR4 and its ligand-bound crystal structure at 2.3 Å resolution. The NPR4 SBC domain, refolded with SA, adopts a unique α-helical fold, which completely buries SA in its hydrophobic core. The lack of ligand entry pathway suggests that SA binding involves a major conformational remodelling of NPR4-SBC, which is validated by HDX-MS analysis of the full-length protein and SA-induced disruption of NPR1-NPR4 interactions. We show that, despite sharing nearly identical hormone-binding residues, NPR1 displays a minimal SA-binding activity compared to NPR4. We further identify two SBC surface residues, whose mutations can alter NPR4’s SA-binding ability and interaction with NPR1. Moreover, we demonstrate that expressing a SA-hypersensitive NPR4 variant could enhance SA-mediated basal immunity without compromising effector-triggered immunity because of its intact ability to re-associate with NPR1 at high SA levels. By unveiling the structural mechanisms of SA perception, our work paves the way for future investigation on the specific roles of the NPR proteins in SA signalling and their potential for engineering plant immunity.
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spelling pubmed-75541562021-02-12 Structural Basis of Salicylic Acid Perception by Arabidopsis NPR Proteins Wang, Wei Withers, John Li, Heng Zwack, Paul J. Rusnac, Domnița-Valeria Shi, Hui Liu, Lijing Yan, Shunping Hinds, Thomas R. Guttman, Mikelos Dong, Xinnian Zheng, Ning Nature Article Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant hormone critical for pathogen resistance(1–3). The NPR proteins have been identified as SA receptors(4–10), although how they perceive SA and coordinate hormonal signalling remains elusive. Here we report the mapping of the SA-binding core (SBC) of Arabidopsis thaliana NPR4 and its ligand-bound crystal structure at 2.3 Å resolution. The NPR4 SBC domain, refolded with SA, adopts a unique α-helical fold, which completely buries SA in its hydrophobic core. The lack of ligand entry pathway suggests that SA binding involves a major conformational remodelling of NPR4-SBC, which is validated by HDX-MS analysis of the full-length protein and SA-induced disruption of NPR1-NPR4 interactions. We show that, despite sharing nearly identical hormone-binding residues, NPR1 displays a minimal SA-binding activity compared to NPR4. We further identify two SBC surface residues, whose mutations can alter NPR4’s SA-binding ability and interaction with NPR1. Moreover, we demonstrate that expressing a SA-hypersensitive NPR4 variant could enhance SA-mediated basal immunity without compromising effector-triggered immunity because of its intact ability to re-associate with NPR1 at high SA levels. By unveiling the structural mechanisms of SA perception, our work paves the way for future investigation on the specific roles of the NPR proteins in SA signalling and their potential for engineering plant immunity. 2020-08-12 2020-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7554156/ /pubmed/32788727 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2596-y Text en Reprints and permissions information is available at http://www.nature.com/reprints. Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms
spellingShingle Article
Wang, Wei
Withers, John
Li, Heng
Zwack, Paul J.
Rusnac, Domnița-Valeria
Shi, Hui
Liu, Lijing
Yan, Shunping
Hinds, Thomas R.
Guttman, Mikelos
Dong, Xinnian
Zheng, Ning
Structural Basis of Salicylic Acid Perception by Arabidopsis NPR Proteins
title Structural Basis of Salicylic Acid Perception by Arabidopsis NPR Proteins
title_full Structural Basis of Salicylic Acid Perception by Arabidopsis NPR Proteins
title_fullStr Structural Basis of Salicylic Acid Perception by Arabidopsis NPR Proteins
title_full_unstemmed Structural Basis of Salicylic Acid Perception by Arabidopsis NPR Proteins
title_short Structural Basis of Salicylic Acid Perception by Arabidopsis NPR Proteins
title_sort structural basis of salicylic acid perception by arabidopsis npr proteins
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7554156/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32788727
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2596-y
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