Cargando…
Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiota in Major Depressive Disorder and in Treatment Resistance to Antidepressants
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common severe psychiatric illness, exhibiting sub-optimal response to existing pharmacological treatments. Although its etiopathogenesis is still not completely understood, recent findings suggest that an altered composition of the gut microbiota might play a rol...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7554953/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32867257 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8090311 |
_version_ | 1783593894131269632 |
---|---|
author | Fontana, Andrea Manchia, Mirko Panebianco, Concetta Paribello, Pasquale Arzedi, Carlo Cossu, Eleonora Garzilli, Mario Montis, Maria Antonietta Mura, Andrea Pisanu, Claudia Congiu, Donatella Copetti, Massimiliano Pinna, Federica Carpiniello, Bernardo Squassina, Alessio Pazienza, Valerio |
author_facet | Fontana, Andrea Manchia, Mirko Panebianco, Concetta Paribello, Pasquale Arzedi, Carlo Cossu, Eleonora Garzilli, Mario Montis, Maria Antonietta Mura, Andrea Pisanu, Claudia Congiu, Donatella Copetti, Massimiliano Pinna, Federica Carpiniello, Bernardo Squassina, Alessio Pazienza, Valerio |
author_sort | Fontana, Andrea |
collection | PubMed |
description | Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common severe psychiatric illness, exhibiting sub-optimal response to existing pharmacological treatments. Although its etiopathogenesis is still not completely understood, recent findings suggest that an altered composition of the gut microbiota might play a role. Here we aimed to explore potential differences in the composition of the gut microbiota between patients with MDD and healthy controls (HC) and to identify possible signatures of treatment response by analyzing two groups of MDD patients characterized as treatment-resistant (TR) or responders (R) to antidepressants. Stool samples were collected from 34 MDD patients (8 TR, 19 R and 7 untreated) and 20 HC. Microbiota was characterized using the 16S metagenomic approach. A penalized logistic regression analysis algorithm was applied to identify bacterial populations that best discriminate the diagnostic groups. Statistically significant differences were identified for the families of Paenibacillaceae and Flavobacteriaceaea, for the genus Fenollaria, and the species Flintibacter butyricus, Christensenella timonensis, and Eisenbergiella massiliensis among others. The phyla Proteobacteria, Tenericutes and the family Peptostreptococcaceae were more abundant in TR, whereas the phylum Actinobacteria was enriched in R patients. Moreover, a number of bacteria only characterized the microbiota of TR patients, and many others were only detected in R. Our results confirm that dysbiosis is a hallmark of MDD and suggest that microbiota of TR patients significantly differs from responders to antidepressants. This finding further supports the relevance of an altered composition of the gut microbiota in the etiopathogenesis of MDD, suggesting a role in response to antidepressants. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7554953 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75549532020-10-14 Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiota in Major Depressive Disorder and in Treatment Resistance to Antidepressants Fontana, Andrea Manchia, Mirko Panebianco, Concetta Paribello, Pasquale Arzedi, Carlo Cossu, Eleonora Garzilli, Mario Montis, Maria Antonietta Mura, Andrea Pisanu, Claudia Congiu, Donatella Copetti, Massimiliano Pinna, Federica Carpiniello, Bernardo Squassina, Alessio Pazienza, Valerio Biomedicines Article Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common severe psychiatric illness, exhibiting sub-optimal response to existing pharmacological treatments. Although its etiopathogenesis is still not completely understood, recent findings suggest that an altered composition of the gut microbiota might play a role. Here we aimed to explore potential differences in the composition of the gut microbiota between patients with MDD and healthy controls (HC) and to identify possible signatures of treatment response by analyzing two groups of MDD patients characterized as treatment-resistant (TR) or responders (R) to antidepressants. Stool samples were collected from 34 MDD patients (8 TR, 19 R and 7 untreated) and 20 HC. Microbiota was characterized using the 16S metagenomic approach. A penalized logistic regression analysis algorithm was applied to identify bacterial populations that best discriminate the diagnostic groups. Statistically significant differences were identified for the families of Paenibacillaceae and Flavobacteriaceaea, for the genus Fenollaria, and the species Flintibacter butyricus, Christensenella timonensis, and Eisenbergiella massiliensis among others. The phyla Proteobacteria, Tenericutes and the family Peptostreptococcaceae were more abundant in TR, whereas the phylum Actinobacteria was enriched in R patients. Moreover, a number of bacteria only characterized the microbiota of TR patients, and many others were only detected in R. Our results confirm that dysbiosis is a hallmark of MDD and suggest that microbiota of TR patients significantly differs from responders to antidepressants. This finding further supports the relevance of an altered composition of the gut microbiota in the etiopathogenesis of MDD, suggesting a role in response to antidepressants. MDPI 2020-08-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7554953/ /pubmed/32867257 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8090311 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Fontana, Andrea Manchia, Mirko Panebianco, Concetta Paribello, Pasquale Arzedi, Carlo Cossu, Eleonora Garzilli, Mario Montis, Maria Antonietta Mura, Andrea Pisanu, Claudia Congiu, Donatella Copetti, Massimiliano Pinna, Federica Carpiniello, Bernardo Squassina, Alessio Pazienza, Valerio Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiota in Major Depressive Disorder and in Treatment Resistance to Antidepressants |
title | Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiota in Major Depressive Disorder and in Treatment Resistance to Antidepressants |
title_full | Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiota in Major Depressive Disorder and in Treatment Resistance to Antidepressants |
title_fullStr | Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiota in Major Depressive Disorder and in Treatment Resistance to Antidepressants |
title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiota in Major Depressive Disorder and in Treatment Resistance to Antidepressants |
title_short | Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiota in Major Depressive Disorder and in Treatment Resistance to Antidepressants |
title_sort | exploring the role of gut microbiota in major depressive disorder and in treatment resistance to antidepressants |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7554953/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32867257 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8090311 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT fontanaandrea exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT manchiamirko exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT panebiancoconcetta exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT paribellopasquale exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT arzedicarlo exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT cossueleonora exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT garzillimario exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT montismariaantonietta exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT muraandrea exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT pisanuclaudia exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT congiudonatella exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT copettimassimiliano exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT pinnafederica exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT carpiniellobernardo exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT squassinaalessio exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants AT pazienzavalerio exploringtheroleofgutmicrobiotainmajordepressivedisorderandintreatmentresistancetoantidepressants |