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Roles of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Autophagy and Inflammation

Autophagy is a catabolic pathway that accounts for degradation and recycling of cellular components to extend cell survival under stress conditions. In addition to this prominent role, recent evidence indicates that autophagy is crucially involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response, a ti...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Recchiuti, Antonio, Isopi, Elisa, Romano, Mario, Mattoscio, Domenico
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7555248/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32927853
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186637
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author Recchiuti, Antonio
Isopi, Elisa
Romano, Mario
Mattoscio, Domenico
author_facet Recchiuti, Antonio
Isopi, Elisa
Romano, Mario
Mattoscio, Domenico
author_sort Recchiuti, Antonio
collection PubMed
description Autophagy is a catabolic pathway that accounts for degradation and recycling of cellular components to extend cell survival under stress conditions. In addition to this prominent role, recent evidence indicates that autophagy is crucially involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response, a tightly controlled process aimed at clearing the inflammatory stimulus and restoring tissue homeostasis. To be efficient and beneficial to the host, inflammation should be controlled by a resolution program, since uncontrolled inflammation is the underlying cause of many pathologies. Resolution of inflammation is an active process mediated by a variety of mediators, including the so-called specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), a family of endogenous lipid autacoids known to regulate leukocyte infiltration and activities, and counterbalance cytokine production. Recently, regulation of autophagic mechanisms by these mediators has emerged, uncovering unappreciated connections between inflammation resolution and autophagy. Here, we summarize mechanisms of autophagy and resolution, focusing on the contribution of autophagy in sustaining paradigmatic examples of chronic inflammatory disorders. Then, we discuss the evidence that SPMs can restore dysregulated autophagy, hypothesizing that resolution of inflammation could represent an innovative approach to modulate autophagy and its impact on the inflammatory response.
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spelling pubmed-75552482020-10-19 Roles of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Autophagy and Inflammation Recchiuti, Antonio Isopi, Elisa Romano, Mario Mattoscio, Domenico Int J Mol Sci Review Autophagy is a catabolic pathway that accounts for degradation and recycling of cellular components to extend cell survival under stress conditions. In addition to this prominent role, recent evidence indicates that autophagy is crucially involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response, a tightly controlled process aimed at clearing the inflammatory stimulus and restoring tissue homeostasis. To be efficient and beneficial to the host, inflammation should be controlled by a resolution program, since uncontrolled inflammation is the underlying cause of many pathologies. Resolution of inflammation is an active process mediated by a variety of mediators, including the so-called specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), a family of endogenous lipid autacoids known to regulate leukocyte infiltration and activities, and counterbalance cytokine production. Recently, regulation of autophagic mechanisms by these mediators has emerged, uncovering unappreciated connections between inflammation resolution and autophagy. Here, we summarize mechanisms of autophagy and resolution, focusing on the contribution of autophagy in sustaining paradigmatic examples of chronic inflammatory disorders. Then, we discuss the evidence that SPMs can restore dysregulated autophagy, hypothesizing that resolution of inflammation could represent an innovative approach to modulate autophagy and its impact on the inflammatory response. MDPI 2020-09-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7555248/ /pubmed/32927853 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186637 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Recchiuti, Antonio
Isopi, Elisa
Romano, Mario
Mattoscio, Domenico
Roles of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Autophagy and Inflammation
title Roles of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Autophagy and Inflammation
title_full Roles of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Autophagy and Inflammation
title_fullStr Roles of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Autophagy and Inflammation
title_full_unstemmed Roles of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Autophagy and Inflammation
title_short Roles of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Autophagy and Inflammation
title_sort roles of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in autophagy and inflammation
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7555248/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32927853
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186637
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