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Immunology of EBV-Related Lymphoproliferative Disease in HIV-Positive Individuals

Epstein-Bar virus (EBV) can directly cause lymphoproliferative disease (LPD), including AIDS-defining lymphomas such as Burkitt’s lymphoma and other non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), as well as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). The prevalence of EBV in HL and NHL is elevat...

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Autores principales: Shindiapina, Polina, Ahmed, Elshafa H., Mozhenkova, Anna, Abebe, Tamrat, Baiocchi, Robert A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7556212/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33102204
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01723
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author Shindiapina, Polina
Ahmed, Elshafa H.
Mozhenkova, Anna
Abebe, Tamrat
Baiocchi, Robert A.
author_facet Shindiapina, Polina
Ahmed, Elshafa H.
Mozhenkova, Anna
Abebe, Tamrat
Baiocchi, Robert A.
author_sort Shindiapina, Polina
collection PubMed
description Epstein-Bar virus (EBV) can directly cause lymphoproliferative disease (LPD), including AIDS-defining lymphomas such as Burkitt’s lymphoma and other non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), as well as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). The prevalence of EBV in HL and NHL is elevated in HIV-positive individuals compared with the general population. Rates of incidence of AIDS-defining cancers have been declining in HIV-infected individuals since initiation of combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART) use in 1996. However, HIV-infected persons remain at an increased risk of cancers related to infections with oncogenic viruses. Proposed pathogenic mechanisms of HIV-related cancers include decreased immune surveillance, decreased ability to suppress infection-related oncogenic processes and a state of chronic inflammation marked by alteration of the cytokine profile and expanded numbers of cytotoxic T lymphocytes with down-regulated co-stimulatory molecules and increased expression of markers of senescence in the setting of treated HIV infection. Here we discuss the cooperation of EBV-infected B cell- and environment-associated factors that may contribute to EBV-related lymphomagenesis in HIV-infected individuals. Environment-derived lymphomagenic factors include impaired host adaptive and innate immune surveillance, cytokine dysregulation and a pro-inflammatory state observed in the setting of chronic, cART-treated HIV infection. B cell factors include distinctive EBV latency patterns and host protein expression in HIV-associated LPD, as well as B cell-stimulating factors derived from HIV infection. We review the future directions for expanding therapeutic approaches in targeting the viral and immune components of EBV LPD pathogenesis.
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spelling pubmed-75562122020-10-22 Immunology of EBV-Related Lymphoproliferative Disease in HIV-Positive Individuals Shindiapina, Polina Ahmed, Elshafa H. Mozhenkova, Anna Abebe, Tamrat Baiocchi, Robert A. Front Oncol Oncology Epstein-Bar virus (EBV) can directly cause lymphoproliferative disease (LPD), including AIDS-defining lymphomas such as Burkitt’s lymphoma and other non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), as well as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). The prevalence of EBV in HL and NHL is elevated in HIV-positive individuals compared with the general population. Rates of incidence of AIDS-defining cancers have been declining in HIV-infected individuals since initiation of combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART) use in 1996. However, HIV-infected persons remain at an increased risk of cancers related to infections with oncogenic viruses. Proposed pathogenic mechanisms of HIV-related cancers include decreased immune surveillance, decreased ability to suppress infection-related oncogenic processes and a state of chronic inflammation marked by alteration of the cytokine profile and expanded numbers of cytotoxic T lymphocytes with down-regulated co-stimulatory molecules and increased expression of markers of senescence in the setting of treated HIV infection. Here we discuss the cooperation of EBV-infected B cell- and environment-associated factors that may contribute to EBV-related lymphomagenesis in HIV-infected individuals. Environment-derived lymphomagenic factors include impaired host adaptive and innate immune surveillance, cytokine dysregulation and a pro-inflammatory state observed in the setting of chronic, cART-treated HIV infection. B cell factors include distinctive EBV latency patterns and host protein expression in HIV-associated LPD, as well as B cell-stimulating factors derived from HIV infection. We review the future directions for expanding therapeutic approaches in targeting the viral and immune components of EBV LPD pathogenesis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7556212/ /pubmed/33102204 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01723 Text en Copyright © 2020 Shindiapina, Ahmed, Mozhenkova, Abebe and Baiocchi. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Shindiapina, Polina
Ahmed, Elshafa H.
Mozhenkova, Anna
Abebe, Tamrat
Baiocchi, Robert A.
Immunology of EBV-Related Lymphoproliferative Disease in HIV-Positive Individuals
title Immunology of EBV-Related Lymphoproliferative Disease in HIV-Positive Individuals
title_full Immunology of EBV-Related Lymphoproliferative Disease in HIV-Positive Individuals
title_fullStr Immunology of EBV-Related Lymphoproliferative Disease in HIV-Positive Individuals
title_full_unstemmed Immunology of EBV-Related Lymphoproliferative Disease in HIV-Positive Individuals
title_short Immunology of EBV-Related Lymphoproliferative Disease in HIV-Positive Individuals
title_sort immunology of ebv-related lymphoproliferative disease in hiv-positive individuals
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7556212/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33102204
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01723
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